134 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOCV l hull. T.i 
extensive mounds which Bartram notes must have owed their 
origin for the most part to some other of the Lower Creek tribes. It 
should be observed also that the people whom Bartram calls Lower 
Creeks were really Seminole, and it is to the Seminole that most of 
the scattered hands of Apalachicola went. 
We find through a list of trading assignments made in 1761 that 
the "Pallachocolas" were then assigned to Macartan and Campbell. 1 
In 1797 the trader was Benjamin Steadham. 2 
1 law kins, in 1799, has the following to say regarding Apalachicola: 
Pa-la-chooc-le is on the right hank of Chat-to-ho-che, one and a half miles below 
Au-he-gee creek on a poor, pine barren flat; the land back from it is poor, broken, pine 
land; their fields are on the left side of the river, on poor land. 
This was formerly the first among the Lower Creek towns; a peace town, averse 
to war, and called by the nation, Tal-lo-wau thluc-co (big town). The Indians are 
poor, the town has lost its former consequence, and is not now much in estimation. 3 
This confirms Bartram and Tchikilli regarding the former impor- 
tance of the town, and also shows a rather early fall of the tribe from 
its high estate. 
The census of 1832, taken just before the removal of the Creeks 
west of the Mississippi, gives 77 " Palochokolo " Indians, and 162 
" Tolowarthlocko " Indians, besides 7 slaves. 4 While there were no 
doubt two settlements of these people at the time, the enumerator 
has made an evident error in giving the Hitchiti name to one and 
the Creek name, Talwa lako, to the other. 
The remnant are to be found principally in the neighborhood of 
Okmulgee, Okla., a former capital of the Creek Nation in the west. 
THE CHATOT 
The only one of all of the Apalachicola River tribes which main- 
tained an existence apart from the Creek confederacy was the 
Chatot — or Chateaux as it is sometimes called. It is probable that 
this was anciently very important, for La Harpe calls the Apalachicola 
River "la riviere du Saint-Esprit, a present des Chateaux, ou Ca- 
houitas." B On the Lamhatty map an eastern affluent of the prin- 
cipal river delineated, perhaps the Flint, is called Chouctoubab, 
apparently after this tribe. When we first get a clear view of them 
in the Spanish documents, however, they were living west of 
Apalachicola River, somewhere near the* middle course of the 
Chipola. 
The fust mention appears to be in a letter of August 22, 1639, 
already quoted, in which the governor of Florida states that he has 
i Ga. Col. Docs., vni, pp. 522-524. * Sen. Doc. 512, 23d Cong., lstsess., iv, pp. 345-347. 
»Ga. His!,. Soc. Colls., ix, p. 171. * La Harpe, Jour. Hist., p. 2. 
8 Ibid., in, p. 65. s Amer. Anthrop., n. s. vol. x, p. 569. 
