166 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 
unless we have to <lo with a very bad misprint, either that the Osochi 
were considered an Apalachieola band or that they were living with 
the Apalachieola midway between then- old territories and the homes 
of the Lower Creeks. These facts do not, of course, amount to 
proof of a connection between the Ueachile and Osochi, but they 
point in that direction. 
Adair, writing in the latter half of the eighteenth century, men- 
tions the "Oosecha" as one of those nations, remains of which had 
settled in the lower part of the Muskogee country. 1 On the De 
Crenay map (1733) their name appears under the very distorted 
form Cochoutehy (or Cochutchy) east of Flint River, between the 
Sawokli and Eufaula, 2 but the French census of 1760 shows them 
between the Yuchi and Chiaha 3 and those of 1738 and 1750 near 
the Okmulgee. 4 In the assignment to the traders, July 3, 1761, we 
find "The Point Towns called Ouschetaws, Chehaws and Oakmul- 
gees," given to George Mackay and James Hewitt along with the 
Hitchiti town. 5 Bartram spells the name "Hooseche," and says 
that they spoke the Muskogee tongue, but this is probably an error 
even for his time. 6 In 1797 their trader was Samuel Palmer. 7 
Hawkins, in 1799, has the following to say about them: 
Oose-oo-che; is about two miles below Uchee, on the right bank of Chat-to-ho-chee; 
they formerly lived on Flint river, and settling here, they built a hot house in 1794; 
they cultivate with their neighbors, the Che-au-haus, below them, the land in the 
point. 8 
The statement regarding their origin tends to tie them a little 
more definitely to the tribe mentioned in the Spanish map. The 
census of 1832 gives two settlements as occupied by this tribe, which 
it spells "Oswichee," one on Chattahoochee River and one "on the 
waters of Opillike Hatchee (Opile'ki ha'tci). 9 In 1804 Hawkins 
condemns the Osochi for a reactionary outbreak which occurred 
there when "we were told they would adhere to old times, they 
preferred the old bow and arrow to the gun." 10 After their removal 
west of the Mississippi the Osochi were settled on the north side of 
the Arkansas some distance above the present city of Muskogee. 
Later a part of them moved over close to Council Hill to be near the 
Hitchiti and also, according to another authority, on account of the 
Green Peach war. An old man belonging to this group told me 
that his grandmother could speak Hitchiti, and he believed that in 
the past more spoke Hitchiti than Creek. This is also indicated 
by the close association of the Osochi and Chiaha in early days. 
1 Adair, Hist. Am. Tnds., p. 257. » Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., IX, p. 171. 
1 Plate 5; Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 190. s ibid., m, p. 63. 
s Miss. 1'rov. Arch., i, p. 96. » Senate Doc. 512, 23d Cong., lstsess.,pp. 353-356; 
« MSS., Aver Coll. Schoolcraft , Ind. Tribes, IV, p. 578. 
* Ga. Col. Docs., vm, p. 522. w Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., ix, p. 438. 
s Bartram, Travels, p. 462. 
