bwanton] EAKLY HISTORY OF THE CREEK [NDIANS 169 
Garcilasso then devotes an entire chapter to a description of this 
temple, which, though evidently exaggerated, doubtless is true in 
outline. 1 It is questionable whether these Chiaha belonged originally 
to the Yamasee proper or were one of the peoples of Guale. Prob- 
ably the English trader spoke only in a general way, however, and we 
are not justified in drawing any other than a general inference as to 
the ancient location of the tribe. We know nothing of the date when 
they settled among the Lower Creeks, except that it was before the 
year 1715. We find them among the Creek towns on Ocmulgee 
River on some of the early maps, such as the Moll ma}) of 1 720 and a 
map in Homann's atlas of date 1759, the information contained in 
which evidently antedates the Yamasee war (see also pi. 3). 
In 1715, however, nearly all of the Lower Creeks moved over to the 
Chattahoochee, the Chiaha among them. On later maps the Chiaha 
appear on Chattahoochee River, sometimes under the name "Achitia," 
between the Okmulgee on the north and a part of the Yuchi known as 
the Hoglogees on the south. They seem to have been numerous, and 
Adair mentions "Cha-hah " among his six principal Creek towns. 2 In 
L761 the "Chehaws, '' Osochi, and Okmulgee, called collectively "point 
towns, "' were assigned to the traders George Mackay and James Hewitt, 
along with the Hitchiti. 3 Bartram states that he crossed the Chat- 
tahoochee "at the point towns Chehaw and Usseta (Kasihta). 
"These towns," he adds, "almost join each other, yet speak two 
languages, as radically different perhaps as the Muscogulge and 
Chinese." 4 
Hawkins (1799) has the following description: 
Che-au-hau, called by the traders Che-haws, is just below, and adjoining Oose-oo-che, 
on a flat of good land. Below the town the river winds round east, then west, making 
a neck or point of one thousand acres of canebrake, very fertile, but low, and sub- 
ject to be overflowed; the land back of this is level for nearly three miles, with red, 
post, and white oak, hickory, then pine forest. 
These people have villages on the waters of Flint River; there they have fine stocks 
of cattle, horses, and hogs, and they raise corn, rice, and potatoes in great plenty. 
The following are the villages of this town: 
1st. Au-muc-cul-le (pour upon me) is on a creek of that name, which joins on the 
right side of Flint River, forty-five miles below Timothy Barnard's. It is sixty feet 
wide, and the main branch of Kitch-o-foo-ne, which it joins three miles from the river; 
the village is nine miles up the creek; 5 the land is poor and flat, with limestone springs 
in the neighborhood; the swamp is cypress in hammocks, with some water oak and 
hickory; the pine land is poor with ponds and wire grass; they have sixty gun men in 
the village; it is in some places well fenced; they have cattle, hogs, and horses, and a 
fine range for them, and raise corn, rice, and potatoes in great plenty. 
1 Garcilasso, in Shipp, T>o Soto, and Florida, i 
1 Adair, Hist. Am. Inds.,p. 257. 
» Ga. Col. Docs., vin, p. 522. 
« Bartram, Travels, p. 456. 
' Elsewhere he says '15 miles up the creek. "— Ga. Hist. Soc, Colls., ix, p. 172. 
