206 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 
however, a considerable body continuing to occupy the wooded 
country in Calcasieu and St. Landry Parishes. Later the two 
Texas villages were reduced to one, which in turn broke up, probably 
on account of a pestilence, part uniting with the Alabama in Polk 
County, but the greater part returning to Louisiana to join their 
kindred there. At the present time about 10 are still living with 
the Alabama. Those in Louisiana are more numerous, counting 
between 80 and 90, and here is the only spot where the tribe still 
maintains itself as a distinct people. Their village is in the pine 
woods about 7 miles northeast of Kinder, Allen Parish, La., and 2\ 
miles north of a flag station called Lauderdale on the Frisco Railroad. 
Elsewhere very few of this tribe are now to be found who speak pure 
Koasati uncorrupted by either Creek or Alabama. 
A band of Koasati probably joined the Seminole, since we find 
a place marked "Coosada Old Town" on the middle course of 
Choctawhatchee River in Vignoles's map of Florida, dated 1823. 
Associated with the Koasati we find an Upper Creek town called 
Wetumpka, which means in Muskogee ''tumbling or falling water." 
It must not be confounded with a Lower Creek settlement of the 
same name, an outvillage of Coweta Tallahassee. It is also claimed 
that Wiwohka (q. v.) was originally so called. The Wetumpka with 
which we have to deal was on the east bank of Coosa River, in 
Elmore County, Alabama, near the falls. At one time there were 
two towns here, known as Big Wetumpka and Little Wetumpka re- 
spectively, the former on the site of the modern town of Wetumpka, 
the latter above the falls in Coosa River. 1 Possibly this tribe may 
be identical with the Tononpa or Thomapa, which appears on French 
maps at the western end of the falls. (See map of De PIsle, 1732, and 
DeCrenay, 1733. ) 2 It is probably represented by the "Welonkees" 
of the enumeration of 1761, classed with a town which appears to 
have been the principal town of the Alabama. 3 It is noted by Bar- 
tram as one of those speaking the "Stinkard" language — i. e., some- 
thing other than Muskogee. 4 He places it beside that of the 
Koasati, and it would seem likely that this indicates the true posi- 
tion of its people, for when the Koasati moved to Tombigbee River 
Wetumpka accompanied them. On January 16, 1772, Romans 
passed "the remains of the old Weetumpkee settlement," 7 miles 
above a point which Hamilton identifies as Carneys Bluff, 5 on the 
Tombigbee River. The removal was probably recent, because on 
April 4 of the same year Taitt visited their town "about one mile 
E.S.E. from this [Koasati], up theTallapuse River," and found them 
1 Swan in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, p. 262. * Bartram, Travels, p. 461. 
2 Plate 5; also Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 190. f> Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 284, 1910. 
3 Ga. Col. Docs., viii, p. 524. 
