258 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 
lation, and they have maintained a dance ground down to the pres- 
ent time, although not a regular square. The Holiwahali proper 
have maintained neither dance ground nor square. 
The Hilibi 
We now come to three towns or groups of towns — Hilibi, Eufaula, 
and Wakokai — which, while they have had a long separate existence, 
claim and in recent years have maintained terms of the closest inti- 
macy. Their square grounds are much the same and they generally 
agree in selecting their chief from the Aktayatci clan. It is possible 
that this points to a common origin at some time in the remote past, 
but it would be hazardous to suggest it in stronger terms. From 
one of the best-informed Hilibi Indians I obtained the following 
tradition regarding the origin of his town. It was, he said, 
founded by a Tukpafka Indian belonging to the Aktayatci clan. 
Having suffered defeat in a ball game he determined to leave his 
own people, so he went away and founded another, gathering about 
him persons from many towns, but especially from Tukabahchee. 
When the people began to discuss what name they should give to 
their settlement their leader said "Quick shall be my name," and 
that is what Hilibi (Jrilikbi) signifies. It was because it grew up so 
rapidly. This story was confirmed independently by another of 
the best-informed old men, except that he represented the town 
as built up entirely of Tukpafka Indians. Tukpafka was, however, 
only a branch, and probably a late branch, of Wakokai, therefore 
we should have to look for an origin from the latter town. The 
historical value of this tradition may well be doubted, even with 
such emendation, but it serves to show the mental association be- 
tween the places mentioned. 
After De Soto had arrived at Cofitachequi, Ranjel states that "on 
Friday, May 7, Baltasar de Gallegos, with the most of the soldiers of 
the army, arrived at Ilapi to eat seven barbacoas of corn that they 
said were stored for the woman chief." 1 If Cofitachequi was Kasihta 
it is quite possible that other Muskogee settlements were in the neigh- 
borhood and that Ilapi was the town later called Hilibi. It is 
true that Hilibi is known to us almost entirely as a town of the Upper 
Creeks, but several of the. well-known Upper Creek towns of later 
times were once as far east as the Ocmulgee. In northwestern Georgia 
is a creek called Hilibi Creek, which may mark a former town site of 
this tribe while on its way west. When we first get a clear historic 
view of the town it is on the creek which still bears the name in 
Alabama. On the De Crenay map the name is spelled "Ilape," 
which suggests the form given by Ranjel. 2 The ^> form is used by the 
Lower Creeks. It appears in the census lists of 1738 and 1750 as 
i Bourne, Narr. of De Soto, n, p. 100. » Plate 5; also Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 190. 
