262 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 73 
miles below the town. On Woc-cau E-hoo-te [Waka ihuti, "cow yard "], this year,1799, 
the villages, five families in all, have fenced their fields, and they have promised the 
agent to use the plough the next season. On black creek, Co-no-fix-ico [Kono fiksiko; 
kono=" skunk "] has one hundred cattle, and makes butter and cheese. John Towns- 
hend, the trader of the town, is an honest Englishman, who has resided many years in 
the nation, and raised a numerous family, who conduct themselves well. His daugh- 
ters, who are married, conduct themselves well, have stocks of cattle, are attentive to 
them, make butter and cheese, and promise to raise cotton and learn to spin. The 
principal cattle holders are Oonofixico, who has one hundred; Choc-lo Emautlau's 
stock is on the decline, thirty; Will Geddis Taupixa Micco [Tapiksi miko; tapiksi= 
"flat"], one hundred; Co Emautlau [Kowai imala; kowai=quail,] four hundred under 
careful management. John Townshend, one hundred and forty, and Sally, his daugh- 
ter, fifty. 1 
This is the only Upper Creek town of the name represented in the 
census list of 1832, 2 and the only one now recognized among the 
Creeks in Oklahoma. It is, and since the removal always has been, 
located in the extreme southeastern part of the nation near the 
modern town of Eufaula, Oklahoma, which bears its name. 
A Eufaula settlement was also made among the Lower Creeks, and 
although this appears on very few maps before the end of the eight- 
eenth century, we know that it antedates 1733, because it occurs on 
the De Crenay map of that year. 3 
November 20, 1752, Thomas Bosomworth visited the Eufaula town 
among the Lower Creeks in search of some horses which had been 
stolen from the English. He describes it as "the Lowest in the 
Nation but two" and "about forty five miles from the Cowetas, and 
as it is chiefly composed of Runagados from all other Towns of the 
Nation, it is reckoned one of the most unrully, as they all Command 
and none obey." 4 
The name of this town appears in the census lists of 1760 and 1761, 5 
but it is wanting from the lists of Bartram and Swan. The official 
trader there in 1761 was James Cussings. 5 Hawkins gives the follow- 
ing description: 
Eu-fau-lau; is fifteen miles below Sau-woog-e-lo, on the left bank of the river, on a 
pine flat; the fields are on both sides of the river, on rich flats; below the town the land 
is good. 
These people are very poor, but generally well behaved and very friendly to white 
people; they are not given to horse-stealing, have some stock, are attentive to it; they 
have some land fenced, and are preparing for more; they have spread out their settle- 
ments down the river; about eight miles below the town, counting on the river path, 
there is a little village on good land, O-ke-teyoc-en-ne. 6 Some of the village is well 
fenced; they raise plenty of corn and rice, and the range is a good one for stock. 
From this village they have settlements down as low as the forks of the river; and 
they are generally on sites well chosen, some of them well cultivated; they raise plenty 
i Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., in, p. 48; cf. Taitt in Mereness, Trav. Am. Col., p. 528. 
a Senate Doc. 512, 23d Cong., 1st sess., pp. 275-278. 
3 Plate 5; Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 190. 
* Bosomworth's MS. Journal, in S. C Archives. 
6 Miss. Prov. Arch., i, p. 96; Ga. Col. Docs., vra, p. 522. 
6 This was a branch of Sawokli; see p. 143. 
