swanton] EARLY HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 263 
of corn and rice, and have cattle, horses, and hogs. Several of these Indians have 
Negroes, taken during the Revolutionary War, and where they are there is more 
industry and better farms. These Negroes were, many of them, given by the agents 
of Great Britain to the Indians, in payment for their services, and they generally call 
themselves "King's gifts." The Negroes are all of them attentive and friendly to 
white people, particularly so to those in authority. 1 
Lower Eufaula appears again in the census rolls of 1832, which 
also mention a branch village on a creek called " Chowokolohatches. " 2 
Among the Creeks in Oklahoma the town is known as " Yufa'la hopai', 
"the far-away Eufaula/' and it maintained its own square ground 
for some time after the emigration, but this has now been given up. 
Part of the Eufaula went to Florida in 1761 and made a settlement 
afterwards known as Tcuko tcati, "Red house." 3 
The Wakokai 
The readily interpretable nature of this name, which signifies 
"heron breeding place," suggests that the Wakokai were not an 
ancient Creek division; but not sufficient evidence has been found, 
traditional or other, to suggest an origin from any one of the remain- 
ing groups. Notice might be taken in this connection of the river 
Guacuca (Wakuka) crossed by the De Soto expedition just after 
leaving the Apalachee country. 4 Their first historical appearance is 
probably on the De Crenay map of 1733, which represents them on 
Coosa River below the Pakan tallahassee Indians. 5 Wakokai is now 
reckoned as a White town, but was formerly, according to the best 
informants, on the Red side like Hilibi and Eufaula. The name 
appears in the lists of 1738, 1750, 1760, and 1761, and in those of 
Bartram, Swan, and Hawkins. 6 The last mentioned gives the follow- 
ing account of its condition in 1799: 
Woc-co-coie; from woc-co, a hlow-horn, and eoie, a nest; 7 these birds formerly 
had their young here. It is on Tote-panf-cau [Tukpafka, punk used in lighting a 
tin] creek, a branch of Po-chuse-hat-che, which joins the Coo-sau, below Puc-cun- 
tablau-has-see. The land is very broken, sharp-hilly, and stoney; the bottoms and 
the fields are on the small bends and narrow strips of the creek; the country, off from 
the town, is broken. 
These people have some horses, hogs, and cattle; the range good; moss, plenty 
in the creeks, and reed in the branches. Such is the attachment of horses to this 
moss, or as the traders call it, salt grass, that when they are removed they retain so 
great a fondness for it that they will attempt, from any distance within the neigh- 
boring nations, to return to it. 8 
i Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., in, p. 66. 
» Senate Doe. 512, 23d Cong., 1st s^ss., iv, pp. :;:;; :;42, 378-379. 
» See p. 403. 
* Bourne, Narr. of De Soto, n, p. 82. 
6 Plate 5; Hamilton, Col. Mobile, p. 190. 
• MSS., AyerLIb.; Miss. Prov. Arch., I, p. 95; Ga. Col. Docs., vni, p. 523; Bartram, Travels, p. 462; 
Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, V, p. 262; Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., in, p. 25. 
tbove. 
8 Hawkins in Ga. Hist. Boc. Colls., m, p. 43. 
