280 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 73 
Eu-fau-be, two and a half miles below the falls of the river, on a beautiful level. The 
course of the river from the falls to the town is south ; it then turns east three-quarters 
of a mile, and short round a point opposite Eu-fau-be, thence west and west-by-north 
to its confluence with Coosau, about thirty miles. It is one hundred 1 yards wide 
opposite the town house to the south, and here are two good fords during the summer, 2 
one just below the point of a small island, the other one hundred yards still lower. 
The water of the falls, after tumbling over a bed of rock for half a mile, is forced 
into two channels; one thirty, the other fifteen feet wide. The fall is forty feet in 
fifty yards. The channel on the right side, which is the widest, falls nearly twenty 
feet in ten feet. The fish are obstructed here in their attempts to ascend the river. 
From appearances, they might be easily taken in the season of the ascending the 
rivers, but no attempts have hitherto been made to do so. 
The rock is a light gray, very much divided in square blocks of various sizes for 
building. It requires very little labor to reduce it to form, for plain walls. Large 
masses of it are so nicely fitted, and so regular, as to imitate the wall of an ancient 
building, where the stone had passed through the hands of a mason. The quantity 
of this description at the falls and in the hill sides adjoining them, is great; sufficient 
for the building of a large city. 
The falls above spread out, and the river widens to half a mile within that distance 
and continues that width for four miles. Within this scope are four islands, which 
were formerly cultivated, but are now old fields margined with cane. The bed of the 
river is here rocky, shoally, and covered with moss. It is frequented in summer by 
cattle, horses, and deer; and in the winter, by swans, geese, and ducks. 
On the right bank opposite the falls, the land is broken, stony, and gravelly. The 
hill sides fronting the river, exhibit this building rock. The timber is post oak, 
hickory, and pine, all small. From the hills the land spreads off level. The narrow 
flat margin between the hills and the river is convenient for a canal for mills on an 
extensive scale, and to supply a large extent of flat land around the town with water. 
Below the falls a small distance, there is a spring and branch, and within five hundred 
yards a small creek; thence within half a mile the land becomes level and spreads 
out on this side two miles, including the flats of Wol-lau-hat-che, a creek ten feet wide 
which rises seventeen miles from its j unction with the river, in the high pine forest, 
and running south-southeast enters the river three miles below the town house. 
The whole of this flat, between the creek and the river, bordering on the town, is 
covered with oak and the small hard shelled hickory. The trees are all small; the 
land is light, and fine for corn, cotton, or melons. The creek has a little cane on its 
margins and reed on the small branches; but the range is much exhausted by the stock 
of the town. 
On the left bank of the river, at the falls, the land is broken pine forest. Half a 
mile below there is a small creek which has its source seven miles from the river, its 
margins covered with reed or cane. Below the creek the land becomes flat, and con- 
tinues so to Talesee on the Eu-fau-bee, and half a mile still lower, to the hills between 
this creek and Ca-le-be-hat-che. The hills extend nearly two miles, are intersected 
by one small creek and two branches, and terminate on the river in two high bluffs; 
from whence is an extensive view of the town, the river, the flat lands on the opposite 
shore, and the range of hills to the northwest; near one of the bluffs there is a fine spring, 
and near it a beautiful elevated situation for a settlement. The hills are bounded to 
the west by a small branch. Below this, the flat land spreads out for one mile. It 
is a quarter of a mile from the branch on this flat to the residence of Mr. Cornells (Oche 
i The Lib. Cong. MS. has "120". 
2 The town house was opposite the month of the Ku-fau-be.— Ga. Hist. Soe. Colls., ix, p. 38. 
