swanton] EAKLY HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 281 
Eaujo [Hickory Hadjo]), thence half a mile to the public establishment, thence two 
miles to the mouth of Ca-le-be-hat-ehe. This creek has its source thirty miles to the 
east in waving, post oak, hickory, and pine land; in some places the swamp is wide, 
the beach and white oak Large, with poplar, cypress, red bay, sassafras, Florida mag- 
notia, and white pine. Broken piny woods and reedy branches on its right side, oak 
flats, red and post oak. willow leaved hickory, long and short leaf pine, and reedy 
branches on its left side. The creek at its mouth is twenty-five feet wide. The 
Hat between it and the riveris fine for corn, cotton, and melons, oak, hickory, and short - 
hat" (tine. Prom this flat to its source, it is margined with cane, reed, and palmetto. 
Ten miles up the creek, between it and Kebihatche, t lie next creek below and parallel 
with this, are some licks in post and red oak saplin flats; the range on these creeks is 
apparently line for cattle; yet from the want of salt or moss, the large ones appear poor 
in the fall, while other cattle, where moss is to be had. or they are regularly salted, are 
fat. 
They have 116 gun men belonging to this town; they were formerly more numerous, 
but they have been unfortunate in their wars. In the last they had with the Chicka- 
saws they lost thirty-five gun men; they have begun to settle out in villages for the 
conveniency of stock raising and having firewood; the stock which frequent the mossy 
shoals above the towm, look well and appear healthy; the Indians begin to be atten- 
tive to them, and are increasing them by all the means in their power. Several of 
them have from fifty to one hundred, and the town furnished seventy good beef 
cattle in 1799. One chief, Toolk-au-bat-che Haujo [Tukaba'tci Hadjo], has five hun- 
dred, and although apparently very indigent, he never sells any: while he seems to 
deny himself the comforts of life, he gives continued proofs of unbounded hospitality; 
he seldom kills less than two large beeves a fortnight for his friends and acquaintances. 
The town is on the decline. Its appearance proves the inattention of the inhab- 
itants. It is badly fenced; thay have but a few plum trees and several clumps of 
cassine yupon; the land is much exhausted with continued culture, and the wood 
for fuel is at a great and inconvenient distance, unless boats or land carriages were in 
use, it could then be easily supplied; the river is navigable for boats drawing two and 
a half feet in the dry season from just above the town to Alabama. From the point 
just above the town to the falls, the river spreads over a bed of flat rock in several 
places, where the depth of water is something less than two feet. 
This is the residence of Efau Haujo [Dog Hadjo], one of the great medal chiefs, the 
speaker for the nation at the national council. He is one of the best informed men 
of the land, faithful to his national engagements. He has five black slaves and a stock 
of cattle and horses; but they are of little use to him; the ancient habits instilled in 
him by French and British agents, that the red chiefs are to live on presents from their 
white friends, is so rivited, that he claims it as a tribute due to him, and one that never 
must be dispensed with. 
At the public establishment there is a smith's shop, a dwelling house and kitchen 
built of logs, and a Held well fenced. And it is in the contemplation of the agent 
to have a public garden and nursery. 
The assistant and interpreter, Mr. [Alexander] Cornells (Oche Haujo [Hickory 
Hadjo]), one of the chiefs of the Creek Nation, has a farm well fenced and cultivated 
with the plough. He is a half-breed, of a strong mind, and fulfills the duties enjoined 
on him by his appointment, with zeal and fidelity. He has nine negroes under 
good government. Some of his family have good farms, and one of them, Zachariah 
Mi( live is a careful, snug farmer, has good fences, a fine young orchard, and a stock 
of hogs, horses, and cattle. His wife has the neatness and economy of a white 
woman. This family and Sullivan's, in the neighborhood, are spinning. 1 
> Ga. Hist. Soc. Colls., in, pp. 27-31. 
