swANTMNl I AIILY HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 351 
Btrings or mixed together in all the places in which metal plates could 
be worn, excepl as tinklers on the breechclout. Spark says: 
The Floridians haue pieces of vnicornes homes which they wearc about their necks, 
whereof the Frenchmen obteined many pieces. 1 
The absolute silence of French writers on this subject is ground for 
suspicion that Spark misunderstood the origin of the shell gorgets, 
though it is quite possible t hat bison horns or portions of them were 
worn in this manner. 
In one picture Le Moyne represents feather fans on the ends of poles 
borne by two companions of the chief and again by companions of 
a woman being brought to the chief as his wife. 2 A Florida chief 
presented Ribaull with a "plume, a fan of harnshau (heron) feathers, 
dyed red." ! 
Like their neighbors to the north, the Timucua resorted to 
tattooing very extensively. Ribault says: 
The forepart of their bodies and anus they also paint with pretty devices in azure, 
red, and black, so well and properly, that the best painters of Europe could not 
improve upon it. 4 
This is not given as tattooing, but Laudonniere is evidently speak- 
ing of the same designs when he remarks: 
The most part of them have their bodies, arms, and thighs painted with very fair 
devices, the painting whereof can never be taken away, because the same is pricked 
into their flesh. 6 
Says Le Moyne : 
The reader should be informed that all these chiefs and their wives ornament their 
skin with punctures arranged so as to make certain designs, as the following pictures 
show. Doing this sometimes makes them sick for seven or eight days. They rub the 
punctured places with a certain herb, which leaves an indelible color. 6 
Le Challeux also says that "for ornament they have their skin 
checkered (marquete) in a strange fashion," 7 and John Spark, 
chronicler of Hawkins's second voyage, adds the following testimony: 
They do not omit to paint their bodies also with curious knots, or antike worke, as 
every man in his own fancy deuiseth, which painting, to make it continue the better, 
they vse with a thorne to pricke their flesh, and dent in the same, whereby the paint- 
ing may have better hold. 8 
They supplemented this with temporary face paintings, particularly 
upon state occasions or when they went to war. 
I d their wanes [says the writer last quoted] they vse a sleighter colour of painting 
their faces, thereby to make themselves shew the more fierce; which after their warres 
ended, they wash away againe. 8 
1 Iliklnyt , Voyages, m, p. 616. » Laudonniere, Hist. Not. de la Floride, p. 6. 
' Le Moyne, Narrative, pis. 37, 39. « Le Moyne, Narrative, p. 15 (ill.). 
' French, Hist. Colls. La., 1869, p. 180. » Gaflarel, Hist. Floride francaise, p. 461. 
* Ibid., is;. - ), p. 171. b Hakluyt, Voyages, m, p. 613. 
