360 • BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 
As with the more northern tribes, small outhouses were built near 
the fields and watchers posted in each to drive away crows. 1 
Ribault mentions among the things planted by the Floridians 
"beans, gourds, citrons, cucumbers, peas, and many other fruits and 
roots unknown to us. " 2 For "citrons" and "cucumbers" we should 
probably understand pumpkins and squashes. Later Spanish writers 
tell us, however, that the Indians of the Fresh Water district lived 
only on fish and roots. 3 The same was true of all the Indians on the 
coast to the southward. 4 In later times a change may have taken 
place for Dickenson encountered cultivated fields north of Cape 
Canaveral in which pumpkins were growing. 5 
Their food was broiled on the coals, roasted, or boiled. There is 
every reason to believe that corn was cooked in all the numerous ways 
known to other southern Indians. Le Moyne enumerates "grains of 
maize roasted, or ground into flour, or whole ears of it" among the 
things which the natives brought to Laudonniere's people, 6 and at one 
time they were presented with "little cakes." 7 Laudonni ere men- 
tions among the articles of food carried along by the Indians when 
they were away from home " victuals . . . of bread, of honey, and of 
meal, made of maize, parched in the fire, which they keep without 
being marred a long while. They carry also sometimes fish, which 
they cause to be dressed in the smoke." 8 Le Challeux says: 
The method of using it [corn] is first to nib it and resolve it into flour; afterward they 
dissolve it [in water] and make of it their porridge [migan], which resembles the rice 
used in this country; it must be eaten as soon as it is made, because it spoils quickly 
and can not be kept at all. 9 
Spark gives the following naive account of the use of tobacco: 
The Floridians when they trauell, haue a kinde of herbe dried, who with a cane and 
an earthen cup in the end, with fire, and the dried herbs put together doe sucke thorow 
the cane the smoke thereof, which smoke satisfieth their hunger, and therewith they 
liue foure or fiue dayes without meat or drinke, and this all the Frenchmen vsed for 
this purpose; yet do they hold opinion withall, that it causeth water & fleame to void 
from their stomacks. 10 
While we do not find it stated specifically that the Timucua culti- 
vated tobacco, the fact may probably be assumed. 
The granary or storehouse has been mentioned, but the various 
accounts leave us in the dark as to whether all of these granaries were 
public or whether there were private granaries also. The reference 
i Laudonniere, in French, Hist. Colls. La., 1869, p. 227. 
2 French, Hist. Colls. La., 1875, p. 174. 
« Lowery, MSS. 
< Brooks, MSS. 
6 Dickenson, Narrative, p. 66. 
6 Le Moyne, Narrative, p. 2. 
' French, Hist. Colls. La., 1875, p. 177. 
s Laudonniere, La Floride, p. 9; French, nist. Colls. La., 1869, p. 172. The mention of honey is curious 
and seems to be unique so far as Florida is concerned. But see p. 202. 
» Gaffarel, Hist. Floride francaise, p. 462. 
10 Hakluyt, Voyages, in, p. 615; see also p. 386. 
