370 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 73 
There are many other terms for degrees of kinship too prolix to be given here, and 
I therefore mention only the most important. In the following lines I will mention 
some of the principal lineages found in every part and province of the country, though 
sometimes occurring in a different shape, and I begin with the pedigrees of the upper 
chiefs and their progeny. 
The upper chiefs (caciques), to whom other chiefs are subject, are called ano parucusi 
holata ico (or olato aco; or utinama). From this class comes a councillor, who leads the 
chief by the hand, and whose title is inihama. From him comes another class, that 
of the anacotima; the cacique seeks the advice of these second councillors, when he 
does not require that of the inihama. Another caste descends from the anacotima; it 
is that of the second anacotima, and from these the afetama derive themselves. Another 
class (of councillors) usually accompanies the iniha, who forms the first degree after 
the head-chief; this class is the ibitano class. From the ibitano a line proceeds, that 
affords councillors; this line is called toponole, and from them spring the ibichara. 
From the last named proceed the amalachini, and the last lineage that traces its 
origin to the head chief is itorimitono, to which little respect is paid . But all the other 
classes, mentioned before this last, are held in high consideration; they do not inter- 
marry, and although they are now Christians, they remain observers of these caste 
distinctions and family pedigrees. 
Of a further line derived from the upper chief all members call and consider each 
other as "nephews." This is the line of the White Deer, honosonayo. In the provinces 
of the "Fresh Water" and Potano, all these lineages emanating from the chief are 
termed people of the Great Deer, quibiro ano. Families sprung from former chiefs are: 
oyorano fiyo chuluquita oconi, (or simply) oyolano. 
The lower pedigrees of the common people are the "Dirt (or Earth) pedigree," 
utihasomi enatiqi; the Fish pedigree, cuyuhasomi, and its progeny," called cuyuhasomi 
aroqui, cuyuhasomiele, while its progenitors are termed tucunubala, irihibano, apichi. 
Another strange lineage is that of the Buzzard, apohola; from it descend those of the 
naculaha, nuculahaquo, nucula-hamqui, chorofa, usinaca, ayahanisino, napoya, amaca- 
huri, ha-uenayo, amusaya. These lineages all derive themselves from the apohola and 
do not intermarry. 
Still another pedigree is that of the ehulufichi; from it is derived the arahasomi or 
Bear pedigree, the habachaca and others, proceeding from this last. 
From the acheha derives itself the Lion family or hiyaraba, the Partridge line or 
cayahasomi, and others, as the efaca, hobatine, quasi, chehelu. In some districts these 
lineages are of low degree, while in others they rank among the first, and since it 
would be mere loss of time to give more, the above may suffice. 1 
Two different classifications seem to be represented here, of which 
the second is plainly along the line of clans, and the groups probably 
were in fact clans similar to those of the Creeks. The first, however, 
indicates a kind of aristocratic system which appears to have been 
based on male descent and recalls somewhat the special privileges 
accorded to children and grandchildren of " Suns" among the Natchez. 
Perhaps these "lineages" were actually associated with clans, 
just as the henihas among the Creeks were drawn from a certain clan, 
and among some towns the tastenagis and imalas were largely from 
definite clans. Since the ending -ma of inihama is probably the plural, 
it is quite possible or even probable that the inihama were the Timu- 
cua equivalents of the Creek henihalgi. We find that linked clans 
> Pareja, Cathecismo, pp. 130-133; Gatschet in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., xva, pp. 492-493. 
