408 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 73 
the Upper Creeks. Analyzing the composition of these towns as far 
as the information at hand will allow we find the following condition : 
Nos. 8 and 31, as just noted, represent one town, occupied by the 
Mikasuki, but probably by only a part of them; No. 23 represents 
the old Oconee; No. 24, the Eufaula Indians; No. 27, the Yamasee; 
No. 32, Coweta Indians; No. 33, Chiaha; No. 34, Yuchi; and Nos. 28 
to 30 were probably settled almost entirely by negroes. I have al- 
ready given my reasons for thinking that the "Choc taws" settled 
according to Bell in No. 35 were really Calusa Indians. 1 No. 21 is 
said to have been drawn from the Red Ground among the Upper 
Creeks. There were two towns of this name — one an Abihka, the 
other an Alabama town. I believe that the one here referred to was 
the Alabama town because the Abihka were little involved in the 
war, and it appears, moreover, that comparatively few of the In- 
dians engaged in the fight at Horseshoe Bend emigrated to Florida. 
On the other hand, the Alabama were active hostiles, and Paddy 
Walsh, one of the ablest Creek leaders, was an Alabama of Tawasa 
town. The Indians of town No. 7 were probably Tulsa, because 
Peter McQueen, their leader, was a Tulsa Indian. The name of No. 
6 is probably an attempt at -Liwahali. There is to-day in the Semi- 
nole Nation a town of this name. It is said to have consisted partly 
of Holiwahali Indians, as the name implies, but also of people from 
Kan-hatki and Fus-hatchee. 2 Probably No. 6 is this compound town 
or the nucleus out of which it developed. 
Nos. 1 to 4 are said by Jackson to have come for the most part 
from the Upper Creeks; and No. 22, apparently the settlement at 
Cape Florida, is assigned a similar origin. No. 13 is said to have 
come from the Chattahoochee and at the same time from the Upper 
Creek settlements. Perhaps the inhabitants were from those settle- 
ments above the falls of the Chattahoochee which were established in 
early times by the Okfuskee. No. 10 is given as from the Coosa, and 
No. 11 from the Tallapoosa, while No. 17 is merely said to have 
consisted of immigrants. Nos. 25 and 26 were probably from the 
Upper Creeks. Nos. 14, 19, and 20 are said to have been occupied 
by old Florida Indians, while Nos. 4, 9, 12, 16, and 18 were also 
probably populated from the older occupants of the peninsula. 
Tallahassee, No. 15, is said by some living informants to have been 
a Sawokli settlement. To summarize, 16 towns appear to have 
belonged to the old Seminoles, 15 to the immigrants from the Upper 
Creeks, and 3 to the Negroes settled among them. The towns of 
the newcomers were apparently more populous, since they seem to 
have outnumbered the earlier occupants. 
» See p. 28. s see p. 269. 
