BWAHTOK] EARLY HISTORY OF THK CREEK INDIANS 423 
of them constituted the village of Yamacraw with which Oglethorpe 
had to deal. In Adair's time a few were with the Catawba. 1 In 
1821 the "Emusas" on Chattahoochee River, whom I believe to 
have been descendants of the Yamasee, numbered 20 souls. 2 
It is evident that the Apalachee were a large tribe at the very 
earliest period, but they certainly did not number 15,000, 16,000, 
30,000, or 34,000, as estimated by various Spanish missionaries/ 
Much more probable is the statement in a memorial, dated 1G76, to 
the effect that there were then 5,000. 4 In 1702 we find it stated that 
Spaniards planned to fall upon the English settlements at the head 
of 900 Apalachee Indians. 5 From Moore's report on his destruction 
of the Apalachee towns in the winter of 1703-04 it appears that he 
and his Indian allies killed about 400 Apalachee and brought away 
1,400. 6 Two towns and part of another did not come with him. He 
expected some of them to follow, but they fled for the most part to 
Mobile to place themselves under the protection of the French. 7 
Bienville states that these originally numbered 500 men but by 1725 
or 1726 had become reduced to 100, 8 partly from natural causes, 
partly through removal to Pensacola. In 1708 the Apalachee who 
had been carried off by the Carolinians and settled on Savannah 
River numbered about 250 men. 9 The census of 1715 gives their 
population more accurately as 275 men and 638 souls in four vil- 
lages. 10 A French manuscript of a little later period estimates 600 
men. 11 After the Yamasee war all of these seem to have returned to 
Florida, and in 171S they started a town neaf Pensacola, where it is 
said that more than 100 settled, and they increased every day after- 
wards, partly from the Apalachee who had been living near Mobile. 12 
According to Governor De la Vega the Apalachee in their old country 
had in 1728 become reduced to two villages, one of 140 persons, the 
other of 20. 13 In 1758 De Kerlerec gives the number of their warriors 
as 30, probably including both the Spanish and the French bands. 14 
In 1764, after the cession of Mobile to Great Britain, the Apalachee, 
along with several other tribes, moved over into Louisiana and settled 
on Red River. In 1806 we learn from Sibley that they counted but 
14 men. 5 Whether this band embraced both the Mobile and Florida 
Apalachee is uncertain, but probably all went together. Morse re- 
ported 150 in Louisiana in 1817, a very r considerable overestimate. 16 
1 Adair, Hist. Am. Inds., p. 225. 10 Ibid.; also Rivers, A Chapter in the Early Hist. 
a Morse, Rept. on Ind. Affairs, p. 304. of S. C, p. 94. 
s See p. 118. u Copy of MS. in Lib. Cong. 
• Lowery, MSS. u Barcia, La Florida, p. 341. 
• Carroll, Hist. Colls. S. C, n, p. 351. » See p. 127. 
• See pp. 121-123. M Comptc Rendu, XV sess. Internat. Cong. Am., 
7 See p. 123. i, p. 86. 
" Copy of MS. in Lib. Cong. w Sibley, Annals of Cong., 9th Cong., 2d sess., 1085. 
6 1'ub. Ree. of S. C, Ms., v, pp. 207-209. is Morse, Rept. to the Sec. of War, p. 373. 
