INTRODUCTION 



77 



America, so plainly indicated by the distribution of the Tertiary marine 

 mollusks, fishes, land shells, decapod Crustacea, and plants." 



Equally emphatic is the conclusion of Dollo based on the fishes collected 

 by the Belgian Antarctic expedition.'^ After citing (pp. 220-222) the whole 



Fig. is. — South polar view of the world, elevated to the .3040 meter line, showing the 

 actual (horizontal lines) and the hypothetical (vertical lines) outlines of the continent Ant- 

 arctica, including its supposed relations with New Zealand and Australia. After Osborn. 



history of the discussion of the existence of a South Polar continent, he con- 

 siders the distribution of five families and four genera of freshwater fishes, 

 and concludes (p. 224) that in the present state of our knowledge it is the 

 Tertiary Antarctica of Osborn or an analogous Antarctica, indispensal)le for 

 the marsupials and the turtle, Miolania, which best explains the biogcog- 

 raphy of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic fishes. 



Australasia or Notogcea 



The highly specialized mammals, monotremcs and marsupials, of Austral- 

 asia are so remote geographically and zoologically from the historj' of the 

 northern hemisphere that it is only necessary to state two principal facts. 



1 Dollo, Resultats du Voyage du S. Y. Bclgica en 1897-1898-1899, Zoologie, Poissons. 

 4to. Anvers, 1904. 



