THE PLIOCENE OF EUROPE, ASIA, AND NORTH AMERICA 347 



lakes is indicated by such scanty evidence as is here afforded. Whether 

 such a lake existed or not is less important than the conclusion reached l)y 

 Dall in his report of 1892 ^ that the beds underlying the 

 Alachua Clays at certain points are not of Miocene but 

 of early Pliocene age. The same author (op. cit., p. 130) con- 

 cludes, "While the determination of the precise epoch of the deposition of 



Fig. 160. — Geological map of Florida showing the area of distribution of the principal 

 Csenozoic exposures and the location of the Alachua Clays (Lower Pliocene) and Peace Creek 

 beds (Upper Pliocene or Pleistocene). Solid black = Eocene ; ruled = Miocene ; dotted = 

 PUocene ; white = Pleistocene. After Dall, 1890. 



these remains in the clays may be regarded as still a desideratum, we may 

 be permitted to conclude with some confidence that at least they are not 

 Miocene." 



Among the first to notice the mammalian remains in these clays was 

 Dr. Neal. They were first thoroughly examined by Dr. Joseph Leidy, 

 who concluded that there were no species identical with those of the so-called 

 'Loup Fork' horizon of the West. But the more exact studies published 

 in the names of Leidy and Lucas in 1896 - led to the contrary opinion that 

 these animals are in part specifically identical with those of the Republican 

 River Formation of western Kansas. While this conclusion is based upon 



1 Op. cit. pp. 9.3, 1.3.3. 



- Leidy, J. (Lucas, F. A. ed.). Fossil Vertebrates from the Alachua Clays of Florida. 

 Trans. Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Phila., Vol. IV, Jan., 1896. 



