384 



THE AGE OF MAMMALS 



of all is that recently reported of the presence of eoliths in the same depos- 

 its with a jaw of very low tyi3e {Homo heidelbergends) . 



If they are to be regarded as human artifacts, the antiquity of man or 

 of a pre-human type given to shaping stone implements is greatly mcreased : 

 three or four times for the Pliocene, and six or eight times for those found 

 in the Lower Miocene (Cantal). If, as claimed by Rutot, eoliths occur 

 under strata of Upper Oligocene age, the length of time is still further 



Flinty layer {catlloutis) with 

 Neolithic industry. 



FLANDRIAN<^ 



HESBAYAN-— <^ 



CAMPINIAN 



MOSEAN 



5 ( WURM. 



Flinty layerwithout industry. 

 RISS-WURM INTERGLA- 

 CIAL 



RISS-WURM, RISS. 



Flinty layer with Acheulian 

 industry. RISS. 



Flinty layer with Chellean 

 industry. MINDEL-RISS 

 INTERGLACIAL 



Flinty layer with transition 

 fronn Eolithic to Paleolithic 

 (Strepyan industry). MIN- 

 DEL-RISS INTERGLA- 

 CIAL 



Flinty layer with Mesvinian 

 industry. MINDEL-RISS 

 INTERGLACIAL 



Flinty layer with Mafflean 

 industry. MINDEL-RISS 

 INTERGLACIAL 



Fig. 175. — Section of the Exploitation Helin, near Spiennes, Belgium, showing the super- 

 position of the Quaternary deposits ; lower terrace of the vaUey of the Trouille. After 

 MacCurdy, adapted from Rutot. 



multiplied. The presence in the Miocene of France of extinct phyla of 

 anthropomorphous primates offers one possible explanation of the origin of 

 eoliths; it seems very unlikely, in view of their great antiquity, that any 

 being at all closely resembling man (genus Homo) could have remained 

 through such long ages while all other genera of mammals became trans- 

 formed. The only known Miocene and Pliocene primate which might be 

 considered as an ' eolith' maker is Dryopithecus; all others belong to existing 

 phyla of monkeys, baboons, and apes. (Penck, 1909.) 



The intermediate anthropoid, Pithecanthropus, attributed to the Pliocene 

 by its discoverer Dubois in 1893, is now by Volz referred to the Pleistocene. 



