PLEISTOCENE OF EUROPE, NORTH AFRICA, AND NORTH AMERICA 485 



uniformly simple pattern, a horse of about the size of E. complicatus, i.e. 

 about 14?r hands. Another horse found in California is E. pacificus, best 

 kno^^^l, however, in Oregon; next to E. giganteus this is the largest American 

 Pleistocene horse; the skeleton indicates a horse of about the size of an 

 ordinary draught horse; the skull is proportionately larger. 



Fig. 214. — The Musk Ox in glacial and recent times. Localities in which Pleistocene fossil 

 musk oxen have been recorded = solid black. Present distribution of musk oxen = circles. 

 Maximum glaciation of North America shown in oblique lines. Cor = Cordilleran ice sheet, 

 Kee = Keewacin, Lab = Labradorean. Pleistocene lakes = dotted areas. A, Lake Agassiz, 

 L, Lake Lahontan, B, Lake Bonneville. 



Lions. — It is a most interesting case of faunal parallelism that the 

 mid-Pleistocene of America, like that of Europe, developed a leonine species 

 of cat. This was contemporaneous AAath the Megalonyx fauna. Its remains 

 were first found Ijy Leidy in 1853 near Natchez, Mississippi, and described 



