24 BOTANICAL GAZETTE. [Jan. 
Pp is vice versa. Almost all of the grafts ‘‘ took”’ 
and union was complete, The best results were obtained bale Datur: ra Stramonium on 
Solanum, the specimens of which formed good-sized t a small quantity of 
atropine! He also succeeded in grafting the Scrophularineous Schiz zanthus Grahami on 
Soianum, a most interesting result, and probably the first authentic instance of the union 
i to tempt this 
nt e was le 
develops on Schizanthus. The further results of these experiments and the promised 
“arses investigation will be looked for Sart ape The present paper is published 
in Berichte d. deut. bot. Gesell. iti, XXXIV. (Nov 9, 1885). 
one sar Sates is to be an to the esd eee TETASOTS of age ewe 
esion 
of the morphol 
ina a recent paper’; sepoune the i idea aging in the C of th are car 
1s which bear th and that ers ‘iets ‘aint of 1 tiene scales is 
not eon to the coalescence of two organ s, i bract and carpellary sal apo and 
Fruchtschw a as . laime ‘by sbme, but 9 produced ty mere swelling morphological 
aummuniie: s the Decksch — ag Simbu sea others as 
the ee a ee Fruchtschuppe as the placenta formed saxil. This placenta, in- 
stead o maining emall, —— se x eee: in size, the more riots id growth of the under 
side reverses th t fin: ally encloses them completely. According 
to this view of course the cone of these veo ister be considered a single flower and not 
as an inflorescence. Much has been said on both sides—and still it is doubtful where the 
truth is. An account of the development of pa cones of fourteen species of Cupressinez 
and Abietinex forms the bulk of the paper. 
a 
. 
ED a case of symbiosis between a ee and the roots - LM trees 
has hear described by Frank § beta the Bericht oder a chen botanischen Ges 
fun invests fee sank sothat the nutritive shai 
pass ce the my celium before entering th To thi gs applies 
the term Mycorhiza, ‘andi in a more recent arse aus tot the same subject makes é 
resumé these statements: 1. Mycorhiza is a symbiotic oS of which pera sal trees 
are capable under certain conditions. This has been rved in almost all Cupulifere, 
in Conifer and Sa — in the Betulacee re neat to hea raaine in fl linden 
and Prunus Jepine osa. 2. Mycorhiza is formed only in a soil which contains humus or unde- 
composed vegetable matter. The develo eae - mycorhiza diminishes with os poverty 
and increases B with t the richness of th t has been. observed to 
il di 
ret vod + ‘2 
vary even ifferent 
Biahats of ‘organic matter. 3. The fungus of ee. pani to the tree, in addition 
to the necessary water and ‘oruanie and mineral nutritive matters, substances derived di- 
andd 
of o nt 
vention of the mycorhiza fungus. 4. The old theory of the direct heinewe of green 
plants by Stee will be revived spate with a weet ‘meaning. 5. ete rtance of 
humus and fallen leaves for the ical su 
pe 1 pport. 6. 
chiefly of , as in fous it assists in the 
; production vas va stq titi vegetable seater sal where Sa ce — te recon ane 
of veg ébris is high] aahs ul, tbo iti can ren nutrition 
humus becomes a necessity on account o e absence “ gril as in andes 
Hypopitys. 
It is to ve noticed, a aaicted that in neither of his eee on the subject has Frank 
cinco bs ance is sterile and no 
cultures or infection experiments have been eastis do rved facts are interest- 
gand probably important, wat it — be sel to hold sane: noel his hypothesis of sym- 
- 
1 
iBeitriige zur Kenntniss der Entwickelungsgeschichte und des anat h S 
sor Tenet der Cupressineen und der Placenten der deastaoa.-Plare, Won: 30, 3 30, 
, L885. 
2Band iii, heft 4, p. 128. 
’Berichte d. deut. bot. Gesell, iii, XX VII; Nov. 19, 1885. In this he shows the 
existence of ‘- same symbiosis between the fungus and roots of jr ree a Hy} opitys. 
