VOL. XI, NO. 9.—BOTANICAL GAZETTE.—SEPT., 1886, 
Botany at the American Association. 
Asa Gray, Memoranda of a revision of the North American 
Violets. 
J. M. Coulter and J. N. Rose, Synopsis of North American 
pines, based upon leaf anatomy. 
C. R. Barnes, A revision of the North American species of 
the genus Fissidens. 
Lillie J. Martin, Plan for laboratory work in chemical botany. 
W. J. Beal, The bulliform or hygroscopic cells of grasses and 
sedges compared. : 
. G. Farlow, The development of the Gymnosporangia of 
the United States. 
The several papers will eventually appear in the pages of 
the Gazerrs, and in this place it is only necessary to say a few 
words about them, and to summarize the discussions that fol- 
lowed the reading of them. 
new methods of systematizing.” : 
Miss Martin’s paper suggested the change which has come to 
