1886.] BOTANICAL GAZETTE, 301 
been diseased with the rot the season previous and were still hang- 
ing dry and shriveled on the vines. By way of experiment some 
of these berries were placed in water, where they were allowed to 
soak for three or four days. At the expiration of this time many 
of the perithecia (that before only contained Phoma spores) were 
now filled with well developed asci containing immature sporidia. 
Following up this discovery, Mr. Ellis at once searched for simi- 
lar developments in shriveled grapes from his own vicinity. His 
efforts were rewarde nding some ascigerous perithecia, to- 
gether with an abundance of Phoma, on grapes gathered from the 
ground where they had probably lain through the winter. 
Messrs. Viala and Ravaz did not succeed in finding, nor were 
Thanks to the kindness of Mr. Ellis, who has very generously 
supplied me with specimens, I have been enabled to study its ap- 
pearance and illustrate it. 
he perithecia containing the asci are in all respects like those 
that enclose the stylospores, and they have every appearance of 
being developed from the same mycelium. The walls of the asci 
are very transparent, and it is difficult to determine their outline 
except they be separated and examined singly. They are cylin- 
drical or subclavate, abruptly contracted at the base, obtuse at the 
summit, straight, or occasionally somewhat curved. Except for 
the sporidia they are perfectly transparent. Each ascus contains 
eight sporidia. es oF 
Mr. Ellis named this fungus Spheria Bidwellii, in honor of 
its discoverer; by a more recent classification it becomes Physa- 
lospora Bidwellii Sace.? If we are right in our conclusions, we 
see that this parasite has four kinds of reproductive bodies: first, 
the stylospores, enclosed in conceptacles, together constituting the 
Phoma uvicola of authors ; second, the spermatia produced at the 
same time and enclosed in similar though smaller conceptacles ; 
third, the conidia externally developed on short conidiophores ; 
and fourth, the sporidia which are formed in asci that are enclosed 
in a protecting perithecium. The stylospores (and possibly also 
the spermatia) are undoubtedly designed for the immediate prop- 
agation of the fungus. The-conidia probably serve the same pur- 
pose, and by their tardy development may help to Siig eae the 
fungus from year to year. The sporidia are without dou ne 
special reproductive bodies for the latter purpose. The mycelium 
is et iis minutis globosis epidermidi 
2 The description given by Ellis is as follows: “‘ Perithec ne _ ne 
ectis berumpen ice poro pertusis; ascis clavate-cylin tusis 
‘oon cients ae ee. Prabstensie ellipticas vel oblongas (continuas?), -0005-.0007° 
X.00015-,0002 foventibus ; paraphysibus nullis. 
