326 MR. HENRY WALTER BATES ON PHASMIDÆ. 
power of locomotion must be of some use ; but the numbers of apterous forms in close 
alliance with the winged ones show that some Phasmidæ can maintain their own in the 
battle oflife as well without as with organs of flight. They are, however, insects of rare 
occurrence, and in my own experience in the Amazons region I found only one that was 
distributed over a wide extent of country. Some of them, as I have recorded under the T 
head of Phasma putidum, have the power of emitting a fetid liquid when alarmed ; many 
others are armed with sharp spines on their legs or body ; numerous species, as I have \ 
before stated, have a perfect disguise in their resemblance to a stem of grass, a dead 
branch, a mossy chip of bark, aleaf. All these properties, it is needless to remark, are 
the varied means by which these apparently helpless creatures succeed in maintaining 
their place by the side of the nimbler and more compactly organized families of insects. . 
Some species of Phasma and Necroscia (winged in both sexes) have no disguise, but, on 
the contrary, brilliant and varied colours: what means of protection they enjoy is un- 
known, but the fact shows the justice of the view that these are typical Phasmidæ ; they 
have not been perverted by the agencies of special adaptation into a resemblance to a 
stem of grass or a leaf. 
The method of copulation I have described below in the remarks on Phasma putidum. 
The females, according to Lansdown Guilding, drop their eggs first into the concave 
seventh ventral segment, which, together with the two remaining segments, is curiously 
changed from the normal form, apparently for this purpose, the eggs remaining there 
until their shells are dry and hardened, when they are deposited at random. 
ME US GRAMINEUS, n. sp. B. elongatus, tenuis, pallide viridis; capite elongato, inermi, 
aud convexo, lateribus subparallelis; mesothorace leviter granulato; abdomine 
stylis analibus valde curvatis pubescentibus ; pedibus elongatis, tenuibus, inermibus ; 
antennis 15-articulatis, brevibus, subuliformibus, articulis duobus basalibus de- 
pressis. (mas) —Long. corp. 2" 3”; cap. 12"; anten. 21". prothor. 17; me- 
sothor. 41": metathor. 54”; abdom. 1” 21”. (Plate XLIV. f 4.) 
| D B. Stellenboschus, Westw. (Cat. Phasm. plate ii. fig. 4), in colour and size, 
1 € ps from that species in the slenderness of the thighs, which are filiform and 
one j! Á be ghe affinity also with B, natalis, Westw. (Cat. Phasm. plate xxiii. 
Pid Ecl le iis though long and slender, do not reach the excessive tenuity which 
^ y in at species, and the middle legs are strikinel ll jared with 
e other legs, than in B, natalis, V M a ge. 
n green; eyes scarcely prominent. An- 
and th per! not so broad as the third), the rest thick, 
middle “os he ino ‚© the apex. Thorax light green, paler and yellowish in the 
DIU eras th, nn mesothorax a little shorter than the metathorax, and slightly 
vobis dg .. v Abdomen light green, not dilated at the apex, apical dorsal 
; Styles pubescent and strongly curved inwards; genital segments 
short, not passing the end of the ei 
e eighth dorsal | T 
gated, all equally slender and unarmed, the Sais ee 
Hab. One exam le, fr in 
pie, trom Natal. (The artist has represented the middle legs too long in the figure.) 
dle pair somewhat shorter than the others. 
UT ES gk ir E CE o RT N Zn = Sn NS A urs Beeren MISI 
