512 DR. LINDSAY ON NEW-ZEALAND LICHENS. 
On Abyssinian specimens of P. cristifera in herbarium Kew, Lfound a form of Abro- 
thallus Smithii, Tul., var. microspermus, Tul., parasitic, whose spores (fig. 38) differ from 
those common in European forms in that they are colourless in the young and mature 
state, only acquiring a brown or olive colour (never very deep) with age. 
Sp. 3. P. PERTUSA, Schrank. (Figs. 4, 5.) [Linds. Spermog. 226; P. diatrypa, Bab. 
L. N. Z. 22.] 
1. a. Corticolous form. On trunks of living and, more generally, dead trees, Martin's 
bush, Chain Hills; Greenisland bush : on branches of trees, East Taeri bush : on Stockyard 
palings of “Goai” timber, Chain Hills, Otago: W. L. L.: in fruit, and spermogoni- 
ferous (sparingly). 
b. Saxicolous form. On basaltic blocks on the hills about the Forbury, Dunedin, 
Otago: W. L. L. 
One of the commonest corticolous Parmeliæ of Otago, taking the place of its ally 
P. physodes, and generally fertile. 
Spores (fig. 45) resembling those of P. megaleia, than which, however, they are generally 
broader and more subspherical They are very distinct, beautiful, and pertusarioid, 
oblong-ellipsoid; endospore pale yellow, and separated from the epispore by a broad, 
distinct hyaline margin; 0012” long, :00075" broad. Thecæ (a) very broadly saccate 
and arthonioid in type, with scarcely any pedicle, here 8-spored; with the hymenial 
gelatine, beautiful blue under iodine (coloration extending over whole theca, and not, 
as is general in lichens, occurring only or most deeply at the apex); 0024” long, :0018" 
broad. Paraphyses delicate and indistinct. "Thallus generally coriaceous and subrigid, 
contrasting in this respect with P. physodes. Sterile conditions are frequently sore- 
diiferous or isidioid, the soredia having mostly a central distribution on the thallus. ; 
2. In herbarium Kew (fig. 5): Ballycheulish, 1807 : in fruit. Thecæ 2-spored, 0035 
long, 0020" broad, blue with iodine. Spores oval-oblong or subspherical : endospore 
pale yellow; margin broad, hyaline: :0013" long, -0010” broad. 
Rocks at Glengariff and Ballylichey : Miss Hutchins, 1810. Beddgelert, Wales, 180% 
British specimens have a general (sometimes in the blackness of the edges and under 
surface of the thalline segments a special) resemblance to var. enteromorpha of P . phy- 
sodes. Largish white soredia are common on the thallus, especially towards the periphery 
Wallanchoon, Sikkim, reg. alp., 13,000 feet (Drs. Hooker and Thomson) : is quite the 
Irish plant. Riesengebirge: Dr. Ludwig, 1814. &e. " 
The plant has a strong general resemblance to P. physodes, from which, pueros 
is separated by its spores, just as P. megaleia is separated from P. perforata. = } 
number in each theca varies from two to eight (Nylander says 2-4, Syn. 402), a pe 
stance that never occurs in P. physodes, which, like the genus Parmelia, ge ! 
possesses 8-spored thecze. 
Sp. 4. P. ruvsopzs, Ach., var. enteromorpha, Ach. (Fig. 6.) [Linds. Spermo£- d 
= On branches of trees, Christie's bush, Saddle-hill, Otago: W. L. L.: in m j 
abundantly spermogoniferous. The apothecia frequently resemble those of p. perf 
