540 DR. LINDSAY ON NEW-ZEALAND LICHENS. 
oval; occasionally even slightly constrieted centrally, giving somewhat of a figure-8 
character to their outline. Thecæ ‘0009’ to 0012” long, ‘0003” broad. Paraphyses 
indistinct, closely aggregated at their tips. Hymenium deep blue with iodine. 
On the same specimen, but quite apart from the apothecia, occur what, by the older 
lichenologists, would have been described as a Pyrenothea, and which may be the 
pyenides of the Lecanora. They are minute, black, verrucæform papille, somewhat 
conspicuous on a thin whitish thallus. The envelope or wall of the conceptacle consists 
of dark-brown, small, closely aggregated cells, from which project, internally, a series of 
simple short basidia (c), under 0003” long, springing from a brownish cellular hypo- 
theeium. These bear on their apices stylospores (d), curved, ‘0003” long, '00015” broad, 
oblong-linear, with rounded obtuse ends, simple or obseurely 1-septate, or containing 
one or two nuclei, generally central: coloured yellow by iodine. 
Sp. 7. L. susrusca, Ach., var. epibrya, Ach. (Fig. 24.) 
On weathered, decayed, tufted roots of grasses, Chain-hills, Otago: W. L. L.: asso- 
ciated with muscicolous forms of Lecidea grossa. Spores narrowly oblong-ellipsoid, sim- 
ple, colourless, 0003" long, 00012" broad. Thecæ short; paraphyses-tips obscured by 
brownish granular colouring-matter. Hymenium blue with iodine; constituents in- 
distinct. 
Sp. 8. L. ATRA, Ach. (Fig. 25.) [Parmelia, Bab. L. N. Z.] 
Corticolous : on trees, East Taeri bush. 
Saxicolous: on basaltie boulders, top of Kaikorai Hill; on basalt (boulders, and in 
situ), Saddle-hill ; on slaty trap and trap-conglomerate, Ferry Bluff, Clutha ferry, Otago: 
W. L. L. More or less common, apparently, on trap-rocks in the eastern districts of 
Otago. For the most part, Otago specimens, whether corticolous or saxicolous, are 
indistinguishable from the common British plant. The apothecia are sometimes large 
and handsome, irregular in surface or outline, the latter occasionally crenulate or wavy. 
Spores oblong-ellipsoid, simple, colourless, -00045” long, 00028" broad. Hymenium 
very deep blue with iodine. Thallus sometimes very white, thick, crustaceous, rimose 
or areolate, occasionally the site of a parasitie fungus, probably Gassicurtia silacea, 
Fée (Nyl. Prodrom. 91; Exs. 150), which affects the thallus or displaces the apothecia m 
the European plant. The parasitic Microthelia gemmifera, Tayl., may be looked for on 
the thallus of L. atra in New Zealand. The only New-Zealand specimen of L. atra l 
found in the herbarium Kew, is a North-Island one from Colenso. 
Sp. 9. L. cixznEA, L. (Figs. 26, 27.) 
On basaltic boulders, Kaikorai Hill; on trachytic rocks, Anderson’s Bay; 0D slaty 
trap, Shaw’s Bay, the Nuggets, and Kapuwaka Creek, Finegand, Lower Clutha, Otago: 
W.L.L. One of the common saxicolous Lecanore of Otago; associated with Parmelia 
conspersa, Lecidea parasema, and other lichens which are partial to basaltic or trappean 
rocks; as variable, apparently, in New Zealand as in Britain. 
Spores (fig. 26) broadly ellipsoid, with a broad, distinct margin in maturity, simple 
