DR. LINDSAY ON NEW-ZEALAND LICHENS. 551 
thalline warts outside the region occupied by the apothecia. In var. latypea the spores 
are larger than in the following variety, and the constituents of the hymenium generally 
more distinct. | 
The apothecia, as in all the forms of parasema in New Zealand, are extremely vari- 
able. In some specimens they maintain their normal flat disk, thin but distinet 
margin and black colour, while they are discrete or solitary. In other cases, they 
become crowded or confluent, subangulous from pressure, pruinose, turgid, convex, or 
subspherical, or difform, with irregular sinuate or crenulate margin. -The thallus also 
varies somewhat in character; it is tartareous, thick or thin, white or greenish, granular 
or farinose. : 
Var. enteroleuca, Ach. (Fig. 24.) 
Saxicolous : on mica-slate, Glen Martin; on gneiss boulders, coast ranges, Anderson's ` 
Bay, Dunedin, Otago: W. L. L. Apparently less common than var. latypea in the 
Greenisland district of Otago. 
Spores smaller than in /afypea, but equally variable, in form especially; normally 
ellipsoid or oblong-ellipsoid, but occasionally subpyriform or even subspherical ; straight or 
slightly curved, simple, colourless, 0003" long, 00025" broad. Thecæ 8-spored, 0012” 
to "0015" long, -0045” to -006” broad. Hymenium beautiful blue with iodine; con- 
' stituents frequently very indistinct, sometimes as much so as in L. fusco-atra. Apo- 
thecia much smaller than in Zatypea, but frequently, as in that variety, subglobose or 
difform ; sometimes coarctate, resembling L. coarctata. Thallus generally very thin and 
whitish, frequently apparently absent. Throughout the forms of parasema there is 
considerable variability as regards the form and size of the spores, the size of the thecæ, 
the distinctness of the constituents of the hymenium, and the external characters of 
the apothecia and thallus. 
Sp. 15. L. coxTIGUA, Fr. ; d 
On basaltic blocks, Signal-hill, North-east Valley, Dunedin; on slaty traps ort pi 
conglomerates, Ferry Bluff, Clutha ferry, and Shaw’s Bay, the Nuggets, : TU 
V. L. L. Occasionally with a rust-coloured (ferruginous) thallus as at ie la # 
be confounded on the one hand with Z. parasema, and on the ees vn " i ET 
Mierothelia gemmifera, Tayl., is as likely to occur parasitic on its thallus in New 
asin Britain, 
Var. erustulata, Ach. (Fig. 25.) 
On tertiary grits and conglomerates, base 
Oblong-ellipsoid, simple, colourless, 0003" long, ‘0006 
Mpilleform condition of the apothecia. Hymenium 
indistinct. Apothecia occasionally only exhibiting the -volute margin; in the 
senerally they are suburceolate, having a thick, corrugate, nii cha Verrucariæ. 
young condition they are papillæform, resembling some er ee or smooth though 
~e thallus covers the red. or yellow grits with a more or less unio 
Nbareolate coat or crust, on which the black apothecia 
of Saddle-hill, Otago: W. L. L. Spores 
broad; found only in the young, 
blue with iodine ; constituents 
fully expanded flat disk; more 
are conspicuous. The plant has 
4r2 
