DR. LINDSAY ON WEST-GREENLAND LICHENS. 355 
:00030" broad. In some forms of the plant they appear to be nearly double their 
size in others. Normally, in maturity, they are 2-locular, and olive-green of various 
shades. But sometimes, in the young state, they are simple, slowly (and occa- 
sionally only obscurely) developing a septum. Sometimes, in age, they become elon- 
gated, multilocular and muriform, in which case they assume the characters of the 
sporidia of petræa. In the young state, and especially in the asci, they are frequently 
granular; their form is usually oval, less frequently oval-oblong or ellipsoid, occasion- 
ally figure-8-shaped or soleseform from constriction at the septum; straight generally, 
but sometimes slightly curved. The colour of the young sporidia is sometimes very pale— 
and of the old or mature, sometimes brown. | 
In Schærer’s Exs. No. 44 (— L. confervoides, DO., var. atro-alba), the asci are 1-spored; 
the tips of the paraphyses a deep purplish-brown, their filaments indistinct. The sporidia 
are colourless when young, but acquire a dark bottle-green or brownish-green colour 
with age. In the young state they are sometimes 4-locular, but in maturity they are 
muriform. Their shape varies from oval to ellipsoid; their size is about *0020" to 0023" 
long and :0010" broad. 
In Sehzrer's Exs. No. 178 (=L. confervoides, var. fusco-atra, Hoffm.), the asci are 
about -0040" long and :0011” broad; the paraphyses :0050" long, closely agglomerated, 
their tips deep brown; the sporidia 2-locular, deep brown, :0010” long and -0005" broad. 
5. L. badio-atra, Flk.—which is placed by Nylander (Scand. p. 233) between L. atro- 
alba and L. petrea, and which is sometimes referred to the one, sometimes to the other 
species by different lichenologists—has, in Schærer’s Exs. No. 179, the characters rather 
of L. geminata. The asci are :0050” long and 00133" broad; variously 1- 2- or 
4-spored, frequently only one sporidium attaining maturity, as (e. g.) in. Umbilicaria 
pustulata. The tips of the paraphyses are brown. The sporidia are colourless when 
young, bottle-green in maturity, muriform, :0018" to :0016" long and :00065" to 
00100" broad. The specimen in Nylander's Exs. has apothecia externally resembling 
those of Zecanora intumescens, Rebent., with large, deep-brown, 2-locular sporidia, 0010" 
long and :0005” broad. 
This and many of the other Lecideæ above described (under the species, or so-called 
species, geminata, petræa, and atro-alba) show that a close connexion exists between these 
species by means of numerous passage-forms of the most variable character. | 
6. L. insignis, Nág.—About the base of the Illartlek glacier. Ona white thallus, re- 
sembling that of the muscicolous forms of Lecanora tartarea, coating mosses. Asci and 
paraphyses delicate ; the former beautifully blue with iodine. Sporidia normally 2-locu- 
lar, olive or brown, straight or slightly curved, ellipsoid or oval, sometimes figure-8- 
shaped, the central constriction more or less marked. Size 0009" to “0012” long and 
:0003” broad, but size and form equally variable, some of the more elongated, narrow, 
ellipsoid being nearly twice as long as the short, broad, oval ones. Sometimes they ex- 
hibit four loculi from subdivision of the two primary ones. Occasionally there is no di- 
stinct septum, the sporidia being then simple, their contents consisting only of granules 
or larger nuclei, variable in size and position. In age the sporidia frequently present 
bulgings at the ends, the beginnings of germination. Sometimes, also, in pied split 
| 9 B 
