360 DR. LINDSAY ON WEST-GREENLAND LICHENS. 
bably because here they are mostly either old or mature; but frequently they contain 
one or more large spherical nuclei, which become lemon-yellow and distinct under iodine. 
(3.) Muscicolous; associated with Lecanora tartarea and L. oculata. | Apothecia black, 
convex, and immarginate.  Sporidia oval or ellipsoid, simple, colourless : :0006" 
long and :00022" broad; very granular in the young state, the granules being large, 
uniform in size, and nucleiform ; with double contour in maturity; sometimes tapering 
at one end into a filament or tubule, as the first step towards germination. Hymenium 
deep blue with iodine. The apothecia are the seat of a minute, black, papillæform 
parasite, containing olive or brown spores, frequently associated in ramose chains. 
Intermixed with the sporidia of parasema on, or in, some apothecia, I have met with 
stray sporidia of L. petræa*. 
(4.) Also associated with Lecanora tartarea, about the Illartlek glacier. Hymenium 
giving a more vivid blue with iodine than the other Greenland forms of parasema; while 
the sporidia are larger, more numerous and distinct. They are broadly ovate, with 
double contour, full of large nucleiform granules, :0006” long and :0005” broad. 
(5.) Godhavn; associated with Squamaria saxicola, on stones and rocks. Sporidia 
differing from those in the other forms by their inferior size and breadth, being simple, 
narrowly ellipsoid, or ellipsoid-oblong, :0003" long and :00009" broad. 
16. L. sanguineo-atra, Ach. ; associated with Lecanora tartarea and Parmelia saxatilis, | 
var. panniformis ; on decayed mosses, foliaceous lichens, and other vegetation. Thallus 
a grey or white, thin crust, sometimes verrucose and very irregular, resembling that of 
some forms of L.íartarea. Apothecia convex, adnate, immarginate, minute, crowded, 
apparently black when dry. Under moisture they become semitranslucent and port- 
wine-red. Hymenium pale violet, or pale or deep blue, with iodine. Hypothecial tissue 
and tips of paraphyses brown.. Sporidia very variable in size and form ; always colour- 
less and simple ; oval, broadly or narrowly ellipsoid, or subspherical; with double con- 
tour; margin varying in breadth and distinctness, being sometimes as broad as in Pan- 
naria brunnea; sometimes granular or muco-granular when young. Size :0004" to 
0009" long, :0003" to -0004" broad. Spermogonia apparently occur as very minute, 
scattered, brown, punctiform conceptacles; but they exhibit no structure. The plant 
has much of the character of Biatora tornoénsis, Nyl. (Th. Fries, L. Arct. p. 196) ; and 
it may be compared also with Biatora uliginosa, Lecidea sabuletorum, and L. turgidula, 
as defined in the * L. Arctoi In Nylander's Exs. No. 72, the sporidia of sanguwineo-atra 
are very much smaller and narrower than is common in the Greenland plant. L. sangui- 
neo-atra has many close allies, such as fusco-rubens, Nyl., atro-rufa and uliginosa, Ach. 
Many of these so-called species would be more properly arranged as mere forms of 
one variable type ! 
17. L. Friesiana, n. sp. On moss; associated with Lecanora tartarea, L. sophodes, and 
Pannaria brunnea, about the Illartlek glacier. The apothecia vary in size, thickness, 
eolour and form. Their normal condition appears to be flat, round, marginate, very thin 
sometimes, and of a beautiful port-wine-red colour. More frequently, however, they are 
variously convex, confluent, very compound, large and deformed, sometimes verrucæform. 
* Vide L. petrea, No. 5, p. 354. 
