te DR. M. T. MASTERS ON THE PASSIFLORACEA. 603 
GERMINATION. 
_ A germinating embryo of Passiflora shows a conical radicle, a long cylindrical caulicle, 
a pair of opposite-stalked leafy cotyledons of oblong or suborbicular outline with three 
convergent primary ribs. The succeeding leaves are alternate, provided with stipules, 
and, in the species with lobed leaves, generally show indications of lobing from the first. 
ORGANOGENY. i 
Development of the leaf and tendril &e.—In a very early stage of the development of 
the leaf in Passiflora quadrangularis may be seen on the side of the axis two small 
tubercles, one next the axis, slightly depressed at the summit—and close to it on the 
distal side another, similar prominence, which speedily becomes marked out into two 
lateral and an intermediate central tubercle: the two lateral projections are the nascent 
stipules; the central one is the beginning of the leaf; while the depression in the centre 
of the tubercle next to the axis indicates the subsequent separation of the tendril and 
the flower-stalk (Plate LXIV. fig. 1) The tendril, therefore, is unquestionably, in the 
beginning, a portion of the flower-stalk, as, indeed, is evident in many cases in the adult 
condition. "The blade of the leaf, immediately subsequent to its initial stage, consists of 
a linear-oblong, blunt tubercle protruding from the axis by the side of the tendril (fig. 2); 
it speedily manifests a central groove on the side next to the tendril; this groove gra- 
dually extends (fig. 3) till the leaf assumes a conduplicate appearance. It is thus clear 
that the conduplieate arrangement is not, as the term would imply, the result of a 
folding process, but of a disproportionately rapid development of the margins or side 
portions of the leaf as contrasted with the central parts. It would appear as if the 
depression in this early stage of development had some reference to the tendril, which is 
partially concealed in the groove thus formed. 
In the palmately divided leaves of P. cerulea the central leaflet is the first to appear, 
followed by the stipules, which latter, however, speedily overtake the leaf. The side- 
lobes of the leaf follow next in order from above downwards, and then the glands on the 
petiole. The glands on the leaf-stalk in this species are late in their development, while 
in P. quadrangularis they are early, the lower pair appearing first (fig. 6). The notches 
on the margin of the leaf precede the formation of the veins. Vascular tissue in the 
form of spiral vessels first shows itself in the midrib, and, as Griffith long since remarked, 
is not extended from the vessels of the stem. Indeed this independent formation of 
vascular tissue seems to be the general rule in all cases. 
Development of the bracts.—The bracts in P. quadrangularis are three in number, and 
developed successively (fig. 7, a, b, c) The one first developed (fig. 7, a) is placed ante- 
riorly as regards the tendril (fig. 7, d)—that is to say, somewhat laterally as regards the 
main axis; the two others are lateral in relation to the tendril. The relative position of 
the several parts of the flower will be more fully spoken of under another section. 
Development of the flower.—In the earliest stage of development in a garden-variety 
of P. quadrangularis the flower consisted merely of a small subglobose tubercle (Plate 
LXIV. fig. 7, e) already encircled by the bracts. In the next stage examined by me 
e i 4 1 2 
