90 . THE EOTIFEEA. 



I found this largo ami beautiful new Eiichlanis, in June 1885, in water sent to mo 

 by Mr. Thos. Ijolton, from Sutton Park, Birmingham. It can be easily recognized by 

 its long oval doi'sal plate, ■which has not a trace of a notch behind, and by the curiously 

 rounded end of the llaiige of its ventral plate, which, unlike that of any other Euchlanis, 

 is widest at the hind end, and elli^jtical there in outline. As m E. dilatata and 

 E. macrura, the dorsal plate is membranous near the head. The creature is very trans- 

 parent, and it has a way of jerking its toes apart and then keeping them open, which is 

 very characteristic. It has unusually large foot-glands, and shows the adhesive nature 

 of their secretion by slowly twirling round, first on one toe and then on the other, for 

 several minutes at a time. From the ventral surface it is easy to see the structure of 

 the corona. It is truncate, and gouged out, as it were, above the buccal orifice, some- 

 what in the fashion of Hijclatina senta (PI. xiv. fig. Ic). A fringe of small cilia surrounds 

 its outer and inner edges, and on the face of the corona itself are curves of larger cilia, 

 whose gi'ound plan is shown in black lines in PI. C. fig. 10. Two papillae rise from the 

 same surface, very ^'isible on a dorsal view, which seem to be tubular, but in which I 

 have never detected anything like a tactile organ. Dr. Plate' figures the similar organs 

 in E. dilatata with a triradiate passage down their length. He says that they are 

 covered with a very delicate meiribrane, and suggests that they serve for respiration. 

 The trophi are sub-malleate with five teeth in each uncus. The stomach is tied on 

 either side by muscles, which are attached to the border of the lorica at one end and to 

 the middle of the alimentary canal at the other. From these latter points muscular 

 fibres i^ass diagonally upwards along the surface of the stomach, and by their perpetual 

 contractions throw it into ever-varying folds ; while at the same time the lateral muscles 

 twitch the stomach from one side to the other. Yellow oil-globules, often prettily 

 arranged in quincunx fashion, are imbedded in the thick stomach- walls ; and in the 

 intestine, which is usually most obvious, the furious motion of its lining cilia can be seen 

 with ease. The gastric glands are curiously lobed on the ventral side (fig. 1ft) and 

 contain large nucleated cells. The foot-glands are very long, club-shaped, and bent 

 over almost to the edge of the lorica ; they are continued down the short three-jointed 

 foot, and end in each toe in what appear to be three very delicate, adhering, quill-shaped 

 vessels (fig. lb), with their pointed ends near the toe's extremity. The toes are two 

 short, stout, sword-like blades ; and, so far as I could see, without setae. The vascular 

 system is conspicuous. Two uitertwmed lateral canals, hanging in bold loops just on 

 a level with the mastax, and at the summits of the foot-glands, run down each side of 

 the lorica to a large and normally placed contractile vesicle. I have seen four vibratile 

 tags on each side : one close to the head, one at the upper loop, another at the lower, 

 and one midway between them ; doubtless there is a fifth. The ovary is a large 

 cushion-like mass stretching across the venter with unusually large germs : fig. 1ft shows 

 a maturing ovum. The nervous ganglion (fig. 1) is very large, with nearly parallel 

 sides, a scalloped front edge, and a rounded liind_ end, which is distinctly cellular. It 

 stretches far below the mastax, in front of which, on its inner surface, it bears a dark- 

 red eye. Two small setigerous pimples rise from the corona behind the tubular papillm 

 mentioned above. On the neck is another setigerous eminence, the dorsal antenna. I 

 have not succeeded in finding any dorso-lateral antennae. There are two pairs of 

 longitudinal muscles for withdrawing the head, which are plainly striated ; the rest of the 

 muscular system is very similar to that already described (i. p. 8) in Brachionus ruhcns. 



Length, t;V iuch. Habitat. A pond in Sutton Park (C.T.H.) : rare. 



E. DILATATA, Elircnhcirj. 

 (PI. XXIII. fig. 5.) 



Euchlanis dilatala . . . Ehrenberg, Die Iiifiis. 1838, p. 4fi.3, Taf. Iviii. fig. 2. 



„ „ . . . . Cohn, Sicb. u. KiiU. Zcits. ix. 1858, p. 289, Taf. xiii. fig. 4. 



' Jmaisch. Zcits. f. Nairn: 188r>, Taf. ii. d^'. 18. 



