118 Mr. H. M. Bernard on the 
Astreopora, form the family Madreporide, enables me to 
summarize the conclusions arrived at as to the inter-relation- — 
ships of these genera. That summary will constitute the 
concluding part of this paper. 
The Genus Montipora. 
This genus differs in many remarkable points from either 
Madrepora, Turbinaria, or Astrewopora, and doubts as to its 
affinities are, as we shall see, very prominent in the works of 
former students. Though founded by Quoy and Gaimard, 
the name appeared first in print in de Blainville’s ‘ Diction- 
naire des Sciences naturelles,’ t. 1x. (1830), the author having 
seen it in MS. He placed the new genus between Gemmi- 
pora (= Turbinaria) and Madrepora and among a number of 
other genera, including Porites. 
In 1834 Ehrenberg* suppressed the genus, distributing 
the species among the Porites. Dana, in 1848, re-established 
and greatly enlarged the genus, but changed its name to 
Manopora. He objected that the word Montipora referred to 
the ccenenchymatous elevations of the surface, which were 
not universally present. He thought that the genus Mano- 
pora was closely allied to Madrepora, and, in fact, could be 
deduced from it by the degeneration of the protuberant 
calicles. 
In 1849 Milne-Edwards and Haime removed it from the 
Madreporide and placed it among the Poritide, and to this 
airangement they kept in their monograph of the Poritide in 
18517; they there noted, however, that Montipora showed 
certain structural resemblances (“‘ quelques rapports de forme”’) 
with the Madrepores. 
Prof. Verrill at first adopted Milne-Edwards’s arrangement, 
but eventually followed Dana in placing the genus among 
the Madreporide. 
Briiggemann apparently came to no conclusion. In two 
papers which appeared after his death the genus is variously 
placed. In one the Montiporide followed the Madreporide 
and Poritide; in the other Montipora occurs with Porites, 
Turbinaria, &e. under the Madreporide. 
Prof. Studer, in 1878, followed Milne-Edwards, but in 
1880 adopted Dana’s classification so far as to class Montz- 
pora with Madrepora. Klunzinger also foliows Dana in this 
respect. 
* © Corallenthiere des rothen Meeres.’ 
tT Ann. d. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, xvi. p. 21. 
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