388 Dr. A. G. Butler—A Revision 
1. Teracolus amatus. 
Papilio amatus, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 476 (1775). 
Papilio calais, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. pl. liii. C, D (1779). 
Papilio cyprea, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. ii. p. 22 (1787). 
Papilio dynamene, Klug, Symb. Phys. pl. vi. figs. 17, 18 (1829). 
Teracolus modestus, Butler, P. Z. 8. 1876, p. 187. 
Teracolus carnifer, Butler, t. c. p. 138, pl. vii. figs. 8, 9. 
Teracolus Kennedii, Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1884, p. 440. 
Wet-season form 7. calais (=dynamene). 
Occurs over a great part of tropical Africa, from the Congo 
westwards to the Zambesi eastwards, whence it ranges north- 
wards towards the eastern coast to Abyssinia, passing through 
the Sabaki valley, Somaliland, whence it probably crosses 
over to Arabia, and thence through Syria and Persia to North- 
western India. The most vividly coloured specimens are 
those received from the Congo and Angola, but they grade 
imperceptibly into the lightest examples of 7. dynamene, 
whilst the latter also grade into the following, from which 
many attempts have been made to keep them distinct, even 
by Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall in his recent review of the 
synonymy of Teracolus :— 
T. amatus (=cyprea=modestus= Kennedit). 
This is merely a more southern development of 7’. calais 
in India and Ceylon, most examples differing in the smaller 
black discocellular spot on the primaries, the Ceylonese 
examples (7. modestus) also generally with a heavier black 
border; but intermediate specimens exist which, to my mind, 
render it impossible to keep them apart. Roughly speaking, 
7. amatus may be said to range throughout the plains of 
Central and Southern India, occurring as Z. modestus in 
Ceylon. 7. cyprea is the white form of the female. 
Dry-season form 7. carnifer. 
From Arabia through Persia to Karachi. In Central and 
Southern India and Ceylon it is represented by a much larger 
and more heavily bordered form, a white female to which 
sometimes occurs. 
Altogether the Museum series is represented by ninety- 
seven specimens. 
2. Teracolus protractus. 
Teracolus protractus, Butler, P. Z. 8. 1876, p. 137. 
Described from a dry-season example obtained in the 
Punjab ; it occurs commonly at Campbellpore, Beluchistan, 
and Kutch. 
