HRDLICKA] SKELETAL REMAINS ill 
ploring the banks of the Ashley river about 10 miles above the 
city, discovered human bones, fragments of pottery, etc., together 
with the bones of the mastodon. Professor Leidy, who was sent by 
the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences to examine the locality, actu- 
ally found human bones associated’ with those of the mastodon, but 
there appeared in the same connection also a fragment of porcelain. 
Later, in following his investigations in the same region, Pro- 
fessor Holmes discovered further evidences of the coexistence of 
man with extinct animals; these were particularly a human lower 
jaw, a tibia, a femur, some stone implements, and potsherds, which 
were dug out personally from an undisturbed old deposit. The lower 
jaw was that of an adolescent, and showed a prominent chin and 
strong muscular impressions; the teeth were normal. The femur also 
showed strong development. 
It seems that Professor Holmes has never published his account of 
the finds just mentioned, and there is consequently but little to aid 
us in the effort to reach a conclusion. Schmidt was inclined to accede 
to the opinion that the bones were geologically ancient, and sug- 
gested that they belonged to a man of the Champlain period. This 
view can not be sustained in the absence of more definite information. 
Chemical and detailed physical characteristics of the skeletal parts 
are wanting, and the fate of the bones is unknown. They are not in 
the Charleston Museum. 
IX.—THE CALAVERAS SKULL 
The specimen known as the Calaveras skull is a portion of a some- 
what fossilized human cranium preserved in the Peabody Museum 
at Cambridge. Prof. F. W. Putnam, director of this museum, 
kindly permitted the writer to examine the specimen thoroughly and 
furnished the two photographs which accompany this section. 
History 
It is not necessary to review in this place all that has been written 
about the skull in question; the original detailed account of it will 
be found in J. D. Whitney’s Auriferous Gravels of the Sierra Nevada 
of California,‘ and a résumé of this, with additional information and 
critical remarks, is contained in W. H. Holmes’s thorough Review 
of the Evidence relating to Auriferous Gravel Man in California, 
published in the Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1899. 
It suffices to say that the skull was reported as having been found 
in 1866, in Bald hill, near Altaville, Calaveras county, California, 
by a mine operator, in a shaft which he had sunk, at the depth of 
«Page 267 et seq.; Cambridge, Mass., 1879. b> Page 419-472; Washington, 1901. 
