70 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY fpunt. 33 
tions, in what came to be known as the * Gilder mound,’ were prose- 
cuted with particular care. Shafts were sunk in several localities, 
and one of these was carried down 12 feet. The results of this work, 
which continued with the assistance of Doctor Condra and several 
others as long as the weather permitted, were not very striking; 
the finds, however, consisted of about 200 fragments of bones, which 
were attributed to the ancient and undisturbed loess deposits. They 
were found very much scattered, there being only about “ five or six 
bits to the cubic yard.” These showed no regularity of distribution, 
and grew scarcer with increasing depth. The piece of what is prob- 
ably human bone found at the greatest depth was 114 feet below 
the surface. Some of the fragments lay apparently outside of the 
mound proper. There were no animal bones, implements, or pottery. 
The first notice of the discovery in a scientific journal was pub- 
lished by Professors Ward and Barbour in Science of November 16, 
1906, and since then there have appeared a number of other papers 
dealing with the subject.*. In Science of January 18, 1907, Professor 
Barbour expressed definitely his belief in the antiquity of the deeper- 
lying bones and proposed to designate the “ primitive type” which 
he was convinced they represented, as the ** Nebraska loess man.” 
Extracts from several of the papers referred to, embodying the con- 
clusions of the writers regarding the “loess man,” are given in 
the following pages. As the matter thus presented is necessarily 
incomplete, however, and may possibly do injustice to the authors, 
the student of the subject is advised to consult the original pub- 
ications. 
Bargwour and Warp, Science, November 16, 1906. “The skulls of the Nebraska 
man seem to be inferior to those of the mound builder, but for the present at 
least will be viewed as early representatives of that tribe. In corroboration 
* Biblicgraphy: Giuper, R. F. First notice, World-Herald, Omaha, October 21, 1906. 
Barpour, FE. H., and H. B. Warp. Preliminary Report on the Primitive Man of 
Nebraska (October 26, 1906), Nebraska Geological Survey, 11, pt. 5, 219-327, 4 figs. 
Barsour, E. H., and H. B. Warp. Discovery of an Early Type of Man in Nebraska 
(October 24), Science, November 16, 1906. 
Giutper, R. F. A Primitive Human Type in America; the Finding of the ‘ Nebraska 
Man,” Putnam’s Magazine, 407-409, 2 figs., January, 1907. 
Warp, H. B. Peculiarities of the ‘*‘ Nebraska Man,’ Putnam’s Magazine, 410-418, 
3 figs., January, 1907. 
3ARBOUR, EH. H. Prehistoric Man in Nebraska, Putnam’s Magazine, 413-415, 502-503, 
3 figs., January, 1907. 
Osporn, H. F. Discovery of a Supposed Primitive Race in Nebraska, Century, 371-375, 
7 figs., January, 1907. 
Barpsour, E. HW. Evidence of Man in the Loess of Nebraska, Science, 110-112, January 
18, 1907. 
~ Giuper, R. F. The Nebraska Loess Man, Records of the Past, v1, pt. 2, 36-39, 5 figs., 
February, 1907. 
Barsour, E. H. Ancient Inhabitants of Nebraska, Records of the Past, vt, pt. 2, 
40-46, 5 figs., February, 1907. 
BarpBour, EB. H. Evidence of Loess Man in Nebraska, Nebraska Geological Survey, ™, 
329-345, with figures, 1907. 
SLACKMAN, HE. BE, Prehistoric Man in Nebraska, Records of the Past, v1, pt. 3, 76-79, 
March, 1907. 
