738 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL 33 
dark d scolorations, as on other specimens from this locality; there is no 
percept ble fossilization, the bones appearing quite recent. The skull is rather 
broad .hough not brachycephalic. The supraorbital ridges are of submedium 
masculine size. The forehead is low and rather sloping, but the vault-bend is 
quite marked; diameter frontal minimum 9.7, frontal maximum 12.1 ©m., 
pasion-bregma are near 18 em. Temporal ridges not pronounced; nearest 
approach to median line on the right 5, on the left 4.8 em. There is a slight 
sagittal elevation. The remaining sutures are all patent; serration of coronal 
submedium, of sagittal about medium; a moderate-sized accessory bone exists 
on each side in the coronal, in the locality of the fetal antero-median fontanel. 
Ventrally the frontal bone everywhere shows good impressions of brain-conyo- 
lutions. ‘Thickness of left parietal (as far as preserved), 4 to 6 mm. 
This specimen bears on its surface marks of cutting 
an interesting feature 
which occurs on many other bones from tkis mound. The incisions extend along 
the whole border of what remains of the right parietal and over 4 of that 
of the left parietal, running nearly parallel with the coronal suture. Numerous 
vertical cuts or markings on the left resemble very closely imitations of the 
articular surface of the frontal bone. Another evidence of cutting is seen on 
the anterior part of the specimen, where a portion of the right supraorbital 
ridge was thus removed. The incisions were all made with some sharp instru- 
ment, and the clear-cut edges and ridges produced are not perceptibly worn off. 
SKULL NO. 5D 
Frontal part only. The forehead, which is quite low, shows two well-defined 
depressions which mark it as abnormal, and on this account the specimen can 
not well be utilized for comparisons. 
SKULL NO. 6 
This specimen (plates x, b, x1, b; figures 12, 13, 15), which was dug out from 
the Gilder mound, at an estimated depth of 5 feet, by a farmer’s boy named 
Joseph, is the cranium pictured in Professor Osborn’s account and in the Bar- 
bour-Ward papers. It is a moderate-sized defective adult male normal cranium. 
Color pale yellowish, with black discoloration on the dorsal surface of the vault. 
No perceptible fossilization ; all the parts look quite recent and still retain con- 
siderable animal matter. 
The skull was apparently mesocephalic, with a cephalic index of about 79. 
The anterior plane shows a moderate sagittal elevation, the lateral and superior 
planes are ovoid with the smaller extremity anteriorly, and the posterior plane 
is pentagonal—forms all quite common among Indians. The supraorbital ridges 
are pronounced, about as in the Rock Bluff and the Albany Mound. crania 
described in another part of this paper (see page 28 et seq.), and their distal 
extension aids in the formation of a complete, though not very heavy, supra- 
orbital arch. The forehead is quite low and sloping, yet some vaulting and 
frontal bend are distinctly noticeable. The temporo-parietal region is somewhat 
fuller than in the other skulls from the mound, showing otherwise nothing 
unusual; the temporal ridges are moderately marked and their nearest approach 
to the median line is 5 em. on the right and 4 cm. on the left side. The occiput 
is not protruding; it shows a prominent superior ridge and a separation of the 
supraoccipital part (epactal bone). The right mastoid is of about average mas- 
culine size. The ventral surface shows nothing peculiar. Thickness of left 
parietal 4 to 6.5 mm, 
