80 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 33 
Measurements of skull no. 6, with accompanying lower jaw 
Vault: oe. 
Diameter antero-posterior maximum________-----~_--~--_----______ 18. 6 
Diameters lateralsmaximums> aboutL= 2222) ===2—=———— pias es eee 14. 7 
Height medium. 
Diameter: trontaleminimum=s==2=>s==s=s= Lig ag ho ee 8. 8 
Diameter frontal Maximise ato al oe 11. 65 
Nasion-bregma’ arecs222- 2223422 ee ee 11.5 
Bregma-lambda are 2. .+~+.------—----2s5-- == =~ ==--__-s5- = 11.8 
Lower jaw: 
Vertical) height) inj) middle2=.===—==2--—— Pes bee 3.4 
Length of right horizontal ramus_——_------~----------------~---=---- 10.8 
Length of left horizontal ramus——~-~-~~- = eee Sec Se ee ORS 
Height of right vertical ramus___----------------~--------------=- 6.8 
Least breadth of right vertical ramus————--~---~--~~~--------+------ 3. to 
SKULL No. 8 (plates x, a, xt, a, figures 12, 14, 16) 
Discovered in 1894, at a depth of less than 5 feet, in Gilder mound, by Charles 
S. Huntington. A moderate-sized imperfect adult masculine cranium, recon- 
structed in the proper way and without oistortion, from about a dozen frag- 
ments. The specimen shows a most interesting conformation but is in no way 
diseased or deformed. Color pale-yellowish to grayish, with some dark dis- 
coloration similar to that shown in patches by almost all the crania and many 
other bones from the same source. The dorsal surface of the vault shows a 
tendency to scaling, but there is no chalkiness of the bone, which has a firm 
structure and no perceptible trace of fossilization. 
The skull is mesocephalic, with length-breadth index of approximately 78. 
It is ovoid in shape, with the smaller end anteriorly, when viewed from the side 
or the top, while the outline of its posterior plane approaches the pentagonal. 
Its most striking and anthropologically interesting characteristics are a very 
deficient vaulting of the forehead and a large forestructure to the same, con- 
sisting of a pronounced supraorbital crest and ridges. In this respect it can 
best be described as neanderthaloid. It does not equal the well-known Neander- 
thal skull in its crest, ridges, and flat forehead, but approximates it quite closely. 
The supraorbital ridges and crest are so pronounced that along their whole 
length a well-marked depression exists between them and the forehead. There 
is no trace of frontal bosses and but little vaulting, The glabella lies in a 
depression 2.5 mm. deep between the excessive ridges. There are a_ slight 
metopic ridge and a little more pronounced sagittal elevation, terminating at 
the middle of the sagittal suture in a well-marked summit. The temporo- 
parietal regions, moderately convex, show nothing unusual. The temporal 
ridges, nowhere pronounced, are marked over the anterior half of the parietals 
by a depression; their nearest approach to the median line on the right is 4.5 
em. (left?). The occiput shows medium convexity and a pronounced superior 
crest. The right mastoid is of rather submedium male proportions. The 
sutures show submedium serration; obiiteration is visible externally in the 
posterior four-fifths of the sagittal, and in small spots along the lambdoid. 
The base is wholly lacking. Ventrally there is no special feature. Thickness 
of left parietal, 5 to 7 mm. 
