HRDLICGKA] APPENDIX : 101 
although the number of brachycephalic skulls examined was quite 
large. The writer is acquainted with only a single brachycephalic 
skull that shows a low sloping forehead. This is the Indian cranium 
pictured in plate xn, 6, of the preceding paper. 
The antiquity of the specimens here described in no case is great, 
and several of the skulls are quite modern. 
The cranial capacity was measured by the writer’s method, ex- 
plained in Science, 1903 (page 1011 et seq.). 
The illustrated skulls are placed in the alveolo-condylian plane. 
A.—SKULL FROM MOUND IN NORTH DAKOTA (NO. 228876) 
(Plate xiv) 
A symmetrical and not diseased cranium of a man of about 55 years of age. 
The sagittal and coronal sutures show advanced, the lambdoid slight, occlusion, 
which appears in no way premature. 
The specimen is rather heavy. Its low forehead is very striking. The supra- 
orbital ridges and glabella are very pronounced. The ridges are restricted to 
the median three-fifths of the supraorbital space; the remaining portion of the 
border above each orbit projects also forward, but is not massive, and is distinct 
from the ridge proper. 
The slope of the forehead is uniform and the moderate convexity of the frontal 
bone presents no trace of the frontal eminences. From near the glabella to the 
vertex of the skull runs a median elevation, which is especially well marked 
back of the bregma and gives the transverse plane of the skull in this region 
the outline of a pointed arch. The temporal ridges are well marked and reach 
on the right to within 2.2 em., on the left to within 1.6 em., of sagittal suture. 
The face shows moderate prognathism, well-marked nasal gutters, and strong 
malars as well as zygomee. The skull as a whole bears evidence of a strong 
musculature. 
The teeth are of ordinary size and present no abnormality. 
The base shows an anomalous fenestrum, formed by a process of bone passing 
from near the base of the external pterygoid plate to the sphenoid just outside 
of the foramen ovale. 
Cuts in the rear of the foramen magnum and on the face indicate in all proba- 
bility cleaning before a secondary burial. 
Measurements 
Diameter antero-posterior maximums 9-225 277s ee centimeters__ 19.6 
Diameter antero-posterior from ophryon_____ TEE Eee NN] LO) 
Diametermlateral sma xm a ae ee eof iy beige Eatige EU COR ale ii 
(Ge HAD CH IN Ce Kae ey he CE See HEM Hin yee SLM REE RL 69. 9 
Basion=hbresima= helohts 5 ee es ee ee t __.__centimeters.___ 13.3 
Cranial module (mean diameter) ~~ ~___ mE te op tS 15. 53 
Cincumiierence above: the Tidgest ss = es centimeters__ 52. 0 
Clava Clay renee we OL as ha hte te te cubie centimeters__ 1, 475 
Thickness of left parietal above the squamous suture_______ millimeters__ 5-6 
Drameter irontall minions ee centimeters== 9.1 
Diametersirontal maximum along coronal) 222-2 ae eee dos =20 mild 
SOME AST OTe Ome ln Sea ee ery oe hs ee Pe Pes es eS SS doe == Ok6 
TENANTS WU TOS N TOA ON es 2k Ag 9 a ae ele See Oa ee ee a AS es SF ht a a epee (C2) 
Facial breadth (diameter bizygomatic max.)______________ centimeters__ 13.8 
