﻿It! 
  INDIAN 
  LINGUISTIC 
  FAMILIES. 
  

  

  This 
  essay 
  was 
  read 
  before 
  the 
  Ethnological 
  Society 
  February 
  10, 
  

   is 
  15. 
  Brief 
  notices 
  are 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  more 
  important 
  tribes, 
  and 
  the 
  

   languages 
  are 
  classed 
  in 
  two 
  groups, 
  the 
  Eskimaux 
  and 
  the 
  Kolooch. 
  

   Each 
  of 
  these 
  groups 
  is 
  found 
  to 
  have 
  affinities 
  — 
  

  

  (1) 
  With 
  the 
  Athabascan 
  tongues, 
  and 
  perhaps 
  equal 
  affinities. 
  

  

  (2) 
  Eaeli 
  has 
  affinities 
  with 
  the 
  Oregon 
  languages, 
  and 
  each 
  per- 
  

   haps 
  equally. 
  

  

  (•'J) 
  Each 
  has 
  definite 
  affinities 
  with 
  the 
  languages 
  of 
  New 
  Cali- 
  

   fornia, 
  and 
  each 
  perhaps 
  equal 
  ones. 
  

  

  (4) 
  Each 
  has 
  miscellaneous 
  affinities 
  with 
  all 
  the 
  other 
  tongues 
  of 
  

   North 
  and 
  South 
  America. 
  

  

  1848. 
  Berghaus 
  (Heinrich). 
  

  

  Physikalischer 
  Atlas 
  oder 
  Sanimlung 
  von 
  Karten, 
  auf 
  denen 
  die 
  hauptsach- 
  

   lichsten 
  erscheinungen 
  der 
  anorganischen 
  und 
  organischen 
  Natur 
  nach 
  

   ihrer 
  geographisohen 
  Verbreitung 
  und 
  Vertheilung 
  bildlich 
  dargestellt 
  

   sind. 
  Zweiter 
  Band, 
  Gotha, 
  1848. 
  

  

  This, 
  the 
  first 
  edition 
  of 
  this 
  well 
  known 
  atlas, 
  contains, 
  among 
  

   other 
  maps, 
  an 
  ethnographic 
  map 
  of 
  North 
  America, 
  made 
  in 
  1845. 
  

   It 
  is 
  based, 
  as 
  is 
  stated, 
  upon 
  material 
  derived 
  from 
  Gallatin, 
  Hum- 
  

   boldt, 
  Clavigero, 
  Hervas, 
  Vater, 
  and 
  others. 
  So 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  eastern 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  is 
  concerned 
  it 
  is 
  largely 
  a 
  duplication 
  of 
  

   Gallatin's 
  map 
  of 
  1836, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  region 
  a 
  certain 
  amount 
  

   of 
  new 
  material 
  is 
  incorporated. 
  

  

  1852. 
  In 
  the 
  edition 
  of 
  1852 
  the 
  ethnographic 
  map 
  bears 
  date 
  of 
  

   1851. 
  Its 
  eastern 
  portion 
  is 
  substantially 
  a 
  copy 
  of 
  the 
  earlier 
  edition, 
  

   but 
  its 
  western 
  half 
  is 
  materially 
  changed, 
  chiefly 
  in 
  accordance 
  

   with 
  the 
  knowledge 
  supplied 
  by 
  Hall 
  in 
  1848. 
  

  

  Map 
  number 
  72 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  edition 
  of 
  Berghaus 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  marks 
  

   an 
  advance 
  upon 
  the 
  edition 
  of 
  1852. 
  Apparently 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   families 
  is 
  much 
  reduced, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  difficult 
  to 
  interpret 
  the 
  

   meaning 
  of 
  the 
  author, 
  who 
  has 
  attempted 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  map 
  to 
  indi- 
  

   cate 
  linguistic 
  divisions 
  and 
  tribal 
  habitats 
  with 
  the 
  result 
  that 
  con- 
  

   fusion 
  is 
  made 
  worse 
  confounded. 
  

  

  1853. 
  Gallatin 
  (Albert). 
  

  

  Classification 
  of 
  the 
  Indian 
  Languages; 
  a 
  letter 
  inclosing 
  a 
  table 
  of 
  generic 
  

   Indian 
  Families 
  of 
  languages. 
  In 
  Information 
  respecting 
  the 
  History, 
  

   Condition, 
  and 
  Prospects 
  of 
  the 
  Indian 
  Tribes 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  by 
  

   Henry 
  R. 
  Schoolcraft. 
  Philadelphia, 
  1853, 
  vol. 
  3. 
  

  

  This 
  shoi't 
  paper 
  by 
  Gallatin 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  letter 
  addressed 
  to 
  W. 
  

   Medill, 
  Commissioner 
  of 
  Indian 
  Affairs, 
  requesting 
  his 
  cooperation 
  

   in 
  an 
  endeavor 
  to 
  obtain 
  vocabularies 
  to 
  assist 
  in 
  a 
  more 
  complete 
  

   study 
  of 
  the 
  grammar 
  and 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  languages 
  of 
  the 
  Indians 
  

   of 
  North 
  America. 
  It 
  is 
  accompanied 
  by 
  a 
  "Synopsis 
  of 
  Indian 
  

   Tribes," 
  giving 
  the 
  families 
  and 
  tribes 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  known. 
  In 
  the 
  main 
  

   the 
  classification 
  is 
  a 
  repetition 
  of 
  that 
  of 
  1848, 
  but 
  it 
  differs 
  from 
  

   that 
  in 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  particulars. 
  Two 
  of 
  the 
  families 
  of 
  1848 
  do 
  not 
  

  

  