﻿52 
  INDIAN 
  LINGUISTIC 
  FAMILIES. 
  

  

  >Tototune, 
  Latham, 
  Nat. 
  Hist. 
  Man, 
  835, 
  1850 
  (seacoast 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Sairttskla). 
  

   > 
  Ugaljachmutzi, 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Schoolcraft, 
  End. 
  Tribes, 
  in. 
  402, 
  1853 
  ("perhaps 
  

  

  Athapascas"). 
  

   >Umkwa, 
  Latham 
  in 
  I'm,-. 
  Philolog. 
  Sen-. 
  Lond., 
  vi. 
  72, 
  1854 
  (a 
  single 
  tribe). 
  

  

  Latham, 
  Opuscula, 
  300, 
  1860. 
  

  

  > 
  Tahlewah. 
  Gibbs 
  in 
  Schoolcraft. 
  Ind. 
  Tribes, 
  in, 
  422, 
  1 
  853 
  (a 
  single 
  tribe). 
  Latham 
  

  

  in 
  Trans. 
  Philolog. 
  Soc. 
  Lond.. 
  76, 
  1856 
  (a 
  single 
  tribe). 
  Latham. 
  Opuscula. 
  342, 
  

   1860. 
  

   >Tolewa, 
  Gatschet 
  in 
  Mag. 
  Am. 
  Hist, 
  163. 
  1877(vocab. 
  from 
  Smith 
  River, 
  Oregon; 
  

   affirmed 
  to 
  !«' 
  distinct 
  from 
  any 
  neighboring' 
  tongue). 
  Gatschet 
  in 
  Beach, 
  Ind. 
  

   Miscellany. 
  488, 
  1*77. 
  

  

  > 
  Hoo-pah, 
  Gibbs 
  in 
  Schoolcraft, 
  Ind. 
  Tribes, 
  III, 
  422, 
  1853 
  (tribe 
  on 
  Lower 
  Trinity, 
  

  

  California). 
  

  

  > 
  Hoopa, 
  Powers 
  in 
  Overland 
  Monthly, 
  155, 
  August, 
  1872. 
  

  

  > 
  Hu-pa, 
  Powers 
  in 
  Cont. 
  N. 
  A. 
  Eth., 
  in, 
  72, 
  1877 
  (affirmed 
  to 
  be 
  Athapascan). 
  

  

  = 
  Tinneh, 
  Dall 
  in 
  Proc. 
  Am. 
  Ass. 
  A. 
  S., 
  xvni, 
  269, 
  1869 
  (chiefly 
  Alaskan 
  tribes). 
  

  

  Dall, 
  Alaska 
  and 
  its 
  Resources, 
  428, 
  1870. 
  Dall 
  in 
  Cont. 
  N. 
  A. 
  Eth., 
  I, 
  24, 
  1877. 
  

  

  Bancroft, 
  Native 
  Races, 
  III. 
  562, 
  583, 
  603, 
  1882. 
  

   = 
  Tinne, 
  Gatschet 
  in 
  Mag. 
  Am, 
  Hist., 
  165, 
  1877 
  (special 
  mention 
  of 
  Hoopa, 
  Rogue 
  

  

  River, 
  Umpqua.) 
  Gatschet 
  in 
  Beach, 
  Ind. 
  Misc. 
  , 
  440, 
  1877. 
  Gatschet 
  in 
  Geog. 
  

  

  Surv.W. 
  100thM.,vn, 
  406, 
  1ST!). 
  Tolmie 
  and 
  Dawson, 
  Comp. 
  Vocabs., 
  62, 
  1884. 
  

  

  Berghaus, 
  Physik. 
  Atlas, 
  map 
  72. 
  1NK7. 
  

   = 
  Tinney, 
  Keaue, 
  App.to 
  Stanford's 
  Comp. 
  (Cent, 
  and 
  So. 
  Am.), 
  460, 
  463, 
  1878. 
  

   X 
  Klamath, 
  Keane, 
  App. 
  to 
  Stanford's 
  Comp. 
  (Cent, 
  and 
  So. 
  Am.), 
  475, 
  1878; 
  or 
  

  

  Lutuami, 
  (Lototens 
  and 
  Tolewahs 
  of 
  his 
  list 
  belong 
  here.) 
  

  

  Derivation: 
  From 
  the 
  lake 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  name; 
  signifying, 
  accord- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  Lacombe, 
  " 
  place 
  of 
  hay 
  and 
  reeds." 
  

  

  As 
  defined 
  by 
  Gallatin, 
  the 
  area 
  occupied 
  by 
  this 
  great 
  family 
  is 
  

   included 
  in 
  a 
  line 
  drawn 
  from 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  Churchill 
  or 
  Mis- 
  

   si 
  nippi 
  River 
  to 
  its 
  source; 
  thence 
  along 
  the 
  ridge 
  which 
  separates 
  

   the 
  north 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  Saskatchewan 
  from 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Athapas- 
  

   cas 
  to 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains; 
  and 
  thence 
  northwardly 
  till 
  within 
  a 
  

   hundred 
  miles 
  of 
  the 
  Pacific 
  Ocean, 
  in 
  latitude 
  52° 
  30'. 
  

  

  The 
  only 
  tribe 
  within 
  the 
  above 
  area 
  excepted 
  by 
  Gallatin 
  as 
  of 
  

   probably 
  a 
  different 
  stock 
  was 
  the 
  Quarrelers 
  or 
  Loucheux, 
  living 
  

   at 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  Mackenzie 
  River. 
  This 
  tribe, 
  however, 
  has 
  since 
  

   been 
  ascertained 
  to 
  be 
  Athapascan. 
  

  

  The 
  Athapascan 
  family 
  thus 
  occupied 
  almost 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  British 
  

   Columbia 
  and 
  of 
  Alaska, 
  and 
  was, 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  

   Eskimo, 
  by 
  whom 
  they 
  were 
  cut 
  off 
  on 
  nearly 
  all 
  sides 
  from 
  the 
  

   ocean, 
  the 
  most 
  northern 
  family 
  in 
  North 
  America. 
  

  

  Since 
  Gallatin's 
  time 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  this 
  family 
  has 
  been 
  further 
  

   elucidated 
  by 
  the 
  discovery 
  on 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  Hale 
  and 
  Turner 
  that 
  

   isolated 
  branches 
  of 
  the 
  stock 
  have 
  become 
  established 
  in 
  Oregon, 
  

   California, 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  

  

  The 
  boundaries 
  of 
  the 
  Athapascan 
  family, 
  as 
  now 
  understood, 
  are 
  

   best 
  given 
  under 
  three 
  primary 
  groups 
  — 
  Northern, 
  Pacific, 
  and 
  

   Southern. 
  

  

  