﻿58 
  INDIAN 
  LINGUISTIC 
  FAMILIES, 
  

  

  satisfactory 
  deductions, 
  yet 
  so 
  far 
  us 
  it 
  goes 
  it 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  lan- 
  

   guage 
  is 
  quite 
  distinct 
  from 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  Algonquian 
  dialects, 
  and 
  in 
  

   fad 
  from 
  any 
  other 
  American 
  tongue. 
  

  

  GEOGK 
  U'llle 
  DISTRIBUTION. 
  

  

  It 
  seems 
  highly 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  Newfoundland 
  at 
  the 
  

   time 
  of 
  its 
  discovery 
  by 
  Cabot 
  in 
  1491 
  was 
  inhabited 
  by 
  Beothuk 
  

   Indians. 
  

  

  In 
  L534 
  Cartier 
  met 
  with 
  Indians 
  inhabiting 
  the 
  southeastern 
  part 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  island, 
  who, 
  very 
  likely, 
  were 
  of 
  this 
  | 
  pie, 
  though 
  the 
  

  

  description 
  is 
  too 
  vague 
  to 
  permit 
  certain 
  identification. 
  A 
  century 
  

   later 
  the 
  southern 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  aban- 
  

   doned 
  by 
  these 
  Indians, 
  whoever 
  they 
  were, 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  European 
  

   settlements, 
  and 
  only 
  the 
  northern 
  and 
  eastern 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  

   were 
  occupied 
  by 
  them. 
  About 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  the 
  eighteenth 
  

   century 
  western 
  Newfoundland 
  was 
  colonized 
  by 
  the 
  Micmac 
  from 
  

   Nova 
  Scotia. 
  As 
  a 
  consequence 
  of 
  the 
  persistent 
  warfare 
  which 
  

   followed 
  the 
  advent 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  and 
  which 
  was 
  also 
  waged 
  against 
  

   the 
  Beothuk 
  by 
  the 
  Europeans, 
  especially 
  the 
  French, 
  the 
  Beothuk 
  

   rapidly 
  wasted 
  in 
  numbers. 
  Their 
  main 
  territory 
  was 
  soon 
  confined 
  

   to 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  the 
  Exploits 
  River. 
  The 
  tribe 
  was 
  tinally 
  

   lost 
  sight 
  of 
  about 
  1827, 
  having 
  become 
  extinct, 
  or 
  possibly 
  the 
  few 
  

   survivors 
  having 
  crossed 
  to 
  the 
  Labrador 
  coast 
  and 
  joined 
  the 
  Nas- 
  

   capi 
  with 
  whom 
  the 
  tribe 
  had 
  always 
  been 
  on 
  friendly 
  terms. 
  

  

  Upon 
  the 
  map 
  only 
  the 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  is 
  given 
  to 
  the 
  

   Beothuk 
  which 
  is 
  known 
  definitely 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  occupied 
  by 
  them, 
  

   viz., 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  the 
  Exploits 
  River, 
  though, 
  as 
  stated 
  

   above, 
  it 
  seems 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  entire 
  island 
  was 
  once 
  in 
  their 
  

   possession. 
  

  

  CADDOAN 
  FAMILY. 
  

  

  >( 
  !addoes, 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Trans, 
  and 
  Coll. 
  Am. 
  Antiq. 
  Soc, 
  n. 
  110. 
  306, 
  1836 
  (based 
  on 
  

   Caddoes 
  alone). 
  Prichard, 
  Phys. 
  Hist. 
  Mankind, 
  v, 
  406, 
  1847. 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  School- 
  

   craft, 
  Ind. 
  Tribes, 
  in, 
  402, 
  1853 
  [gives 
  a.: 
  languages 
  Caddo, 
  Red 
  River, 
  (Nanda- 
  

   koes, 
  Tachies, 
  Nabedaches)]. 
  

  

  >Caddokies, 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Trans, 
  and 
  Coll. 
  Am. 
  Antiq;. 
  Soc, 
  u. 
  110, 
  1836 
  (same 
  as 
  his 
  

   Caddoes). 
  Prichard, 
  Phys. 
  Hist. 
  Mankind, 
  v. 
  406, 
  1847. 
  

  

  >Caddo, 
  Latham 
  in 
  Trans. 
  Philolog. 
  Soc. 
  Loud., 
  n. 
  31-50, 
  1*40 
  (indicates 
  affinities 
  

   with 
  Iroquois, 
  Muskoge, 
  Catawba, 
  Pawnee). 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Trans. 
  Am. 
  Eth. 
  Soc., 
  

   n.pt. 
  1, 
  xcix, 
  77, 
  1848, 
  (Caddo 
  only). 
  Berghans 
  (1845), 
  Physik. 
  Atlas, 
  map 
  17, 
  

   1848 
  (Caddos, 
  etc.). 
  Ibid., 
  1852. 
  Latham, 
  Nat. 
  Hist. 
  Man, 
  338, 
  1850 
  (between 
  the 
  

   Mississippi 
  and 
  Sabine). 
  Latham 
  in 
  Trans. 
  Philolog. 
  Soc., 
  Lond., 
  101, 
  1856. 
  

   Turner 
  in 
  Pac. 
  R. 
  R. 
  Rep., 
  m. 
  pt. 
  '■'>. 
  55, 
  7l>, 
  1850 
  (finds 
  resemblances 
  to 
  Pawnee 
  

   but 
  keeps 
  them 
  separate). 
  Buschmann, 
  Spuren 
  deraztek. 
  Sprache, 
  426, 
  44s, 
  1859. 
  

   Latham, 
  Opuscula, 
  290, 
  366, 
  1860. 
  

  

  >Caddo, 
  Latham, 
  Elements 
  Comp. 
  Phil., 
  470, 
  1862 
  (includes 
  Pavvni 
  and 
  Riccari). 
  

  

  >Pawnees, 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Trans, 
  and 
  Coll. 
  Am. 
  Antiq. 
  Soc, 
  n. 
  128, 
  306, 
  1836 
  (two 
  

   nations: 
  Pawnees 
  proper 
  ami 
  Ricaras 
  or 
  Black 
  Pawnees). 
  Prichard, 
  Phys. 
  Hist. 
  

   Mankind, 
  v. 
  408, 
  1847 
  (follows 
  Gallatin). 
  Gallatin 
  in 
  Trans. 
  Am. 
  Eth. 
  Soc, 
  

  

  