﻿powell.] 
  ESKIMATJAN 
  FAMILY. 
  73 
  

  

  78 
  18'. 
  For 
  our 
  knowledge 
  of 
  these 
  interesting 
  people 
  we 
  are 
  

   chiefly 
  indebted 
  to 
  Ross 
  and 
  Bessels. 
  

  

  In 
  Grinnell 
  Land. 
  Gen. 
  Greely 
  found 
  indications 
  of 
  permanent 
  

   Eskimo 
  habitations 
  near 
  Port 
  Conger, 
  lat. 
  81° 
  44'. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  Labrador 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  reach 
  as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  Ham- 
  

   ilton 
  Inlet, 
  about 
  55° 
  30'. 
  Not 
  long 
  since 
  they 
  extended 
  to 
  the 
  

   Straits 
  of 
  Belle 
  Isle, 
  50° 
  30'. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  east 
  coast 
  of 
  Hudson 
  Bay 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  reach 
  at 
  present 
  

   nearly 
  to 
  James 
  Bay. 
  According 
  to 
  Dobbs' 
  in 
  1744 
  they 
  extended 
  

   as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  east 
  Maine 
  River, 
  or 
  about 
  52°. 
  The 
  name 
  Notaway 
  

   (Eskimo) 
  River 
  at 
  the 
  southern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  bay 
  indicates 
  a 
  former 
  

   Eskimo 
  extension 
  to 
  that 
  point. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Boas 
  and 
  Bessels 
  the 
  most 
  northern 
  Eskimo 
  of 
  the 
  

   middle 
  group 
  north 
  of 
  Hudson 
  Bay 
  reside 
  on 
  the 
  southern 
  ex- 
  

   tremity 
  of 
  Ellesmere 
  Land 
  around 
  Jones 
  Sound. 
  Evidences 
  of 
  

   former 
  occupation 
  of 
  Prince 
  Patrick, 
  Melville, 
  and 
  other 
  of 
  the 
  

   northern 
  Arctic 
  islands 
  are 
  not 
  lacking, 
  but 
  for 
  some 
  unknown 
  cause, 
  

   probably 
  a 
  failure 
  of 
  food 
  supply, 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  have 
  migrated 
  thence 
  

   and 
  the 
  islands 
  are 
  no 
  longer 
  inhabited. 
  In 
  the 
  western 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   central 
  region 
  the 
  coast 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  uninhabited 
  from 
  the 
  Copper- 
  

   mine 
  River 
  to 
  Cape 
  Bathurst. 
  To 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Mackenzie, 
  Her- 
  

   schel 
  Island 
  marks 
  the 
  limit 
  of 
  permanent 
  occupancy 
  by 
  the 
  Macken- 
  

   zie 
  Eskimo, 
  there 
  being 
  no 
  permanent 
  villages 
  between 
  that 
  island 
  

   and 
  the 
  settlements 
  at 
  Point 
  Barrow. 
  

  

  The 
  intervening 
  strip 
  of 
  coast 
  is, 
  however, 
  undoubtedly 
  hunted 
  

   over 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  in 
  summer. 
  The 
  Point 
  Barrow 
  Eskimo 
  do 
  not 
  

   penetrate 
  far 
  into 
  the 
  interior, 
  but 
  farther 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  

   reach 
  to 
  the 
  headwaters 
  of 
  the 
  Nunatog 
  and 
  Koyuk 
  Rivers. 
  Only 
  

   visiting 
  the 
  coast 
  for 
  trading 
  purposes, 
  they 
  occupy 
  an 
  anomalous 
  

   position 
  among 
  Eskimo. 
  

  

  Eskimo 
  occupancy 
  of 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  Alaska 
  coast 
  is 
  practically 
  

   continuous 
  throughout 
  its 
  whole 
  extent 
  as 
  far 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  and 
  east 
  

   as 
  the 
  Atna 
  or 
  Copper 
  River, 
  where 
  begin 
  the 
  domains 
  of 
  the 
  Kolu- 
  

   schan 
  family. 
  Only 
  in 
  two 
  places 
  do 
  the 
  Indians 
  of 
  the 
  Athapascan 
  

   family 
  intrude 
  upon 
  Eskimo 
  territory, 
  about 
  Cook's 
  Inlet, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  of 
  Copper 
  River. 
  

  

  Owing 
  to 
  the 
  labors 
  of 
  Dall, 
  Petroff, 
  Nelson, 
  Turner, 
  Murdoch, 
  

   and 
  others 
  we 
  are 
  now 
  pretty 
  well 
  informed 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  

   the 
  Eskimo 
  in 
  Alaska. 
  

  

  Nothing 
  is 
  said 
  by 
  Gallatin 
  of 
  the 
  Aleutian 
  Islanders 
  and 
  they 
  

   were 
  probably 
  not 
  considered 
  by 
  him 
  to 
  be 
  Eskimauan. 
  They 
  are 
  

   now 
  known 
  to 
  belong 
  to 
  this 
  family, 
  though 
  the 
  Aleutian 
  dialects 
  are 
  

   unintelligible 
  to 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  proper. 
  Their 
  distribution 
  has 
  been 
  en- 
  

   tirely 
  changed 
  since 
  the 
  advent 
  of 
  the 
  Russians 
  and 
  the 
  introduction 
  

  

  1 
  Dobbs 
  (Arthur). 
  An 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  Countries 
  adjoining 
  to 
  Hudson's 
  Bay. 
  Lon- 
  

   don, 
  1744. 
  

  

  