﻿powell] 
  IROQUOIAN 
  FAMILY. 
  79 
  

  

  middle 
  Tennessee, 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Tennessee 
  River 
  and 
  extending 
  to 
  

   the 
  Cumberland 
  River 
  watershed, 
  but 
  this 
  territory 
  was 
  claimed 
  

   and 
  had 
  been 
  occupied 
  by 
  the 
  Chickasaw, 
  and 
  at 
  one 
  conference 
  

   the 
  Cherokee 
  admitted 
  their 
  claim.' 
  The 
  adjacent 
  tract 
  in 
  north- 
  

   ern 
  Alabama 
  and 
  Georgia, 
  on 
  the 
  headwaters 
  of 
  the 
  Coosa, 
  was 
  not 
  

   permanently 
  occupied 
  by 
  the 
  Cherokee 
  until 
  they 
  began 
  to 
  move 
  

   westward, 
  about 
  1770. 
  

  

  The 
  whole 
  region 
  of 
  West 
  Virginia. 
  Kentucky, 
  and 
  the 
  Cumber- 
  

   land 
  River 
  region 
  of 
  Tennessee 
  was 
  claimed 
  by 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  and 
  

   Cherokee, 
  but 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  never 
  occupied 
  any 
  of 
  it 
  and 
  the 
  Chero- 
  

   kee 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  occupy 
  any 
  beyond 
  the 
  Cumberland 
  Moun- 
  

   tains. 
  The 
  Cumberland 
  River 
  was 
  originally 
  held 
  by 
  the 
  Shawnee, 
  

   and 
  the 
  rest 
  was 
  occupied, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  it 
  was 
  occupied 
  at 
  all, 
  by 
  the 
  

   Shawnee, 
  Delaware, 
  and 
  occasionally 
  by 
  the 
  Wyandot 
  and 
  Mingo 
  

   (Iroquoian), 
  who 
  made 
  regular 
  excursions 
  southward 
  across 
  the 
  

   ( 
  >hio 
  every 
  year 
  to 
  hunt 
  and 
  to 
  make 
  salt 
  at 
  the 
  licks. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  

   temporary 
  camps 
  or 
  villages 
  in 
  Kentucky 
  and 
  West 
  Virginia 
  were 
  

   built 
  by 
  the 
  Shawnee 
  and 
  Delaware. 
  The 
  Shawnee 
  and 
  Dela- 
  

   ware 
  were 
  the 
  principal 
  barrier 
  to 
  the 
  settlement 
  of 
  Kentucky 
  and 
  

   West 
  Virginia 
  for 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  20years, 
  while 
  in 
  all 
  that 
  time 
  neither 
  

   the 
  Cherokee 
  nor 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  offered 
  any 
  resistance 
  or 
  checked 
  the 
  

   opposition 
  of 
  the 
  Ohio 
  tribes. 
  

  

  The 
  Cherokee 
  bounds 
  in 
  Virginia 
  should 
  be 
  extended 
  along 
  the 
  

   mountain 
  region 
  as 
  far 
  at 
  least 
  as 
  the 
  James 
  River, 
  as 
  they 
  claim 
  

   to 
  have 
  lived 
  at 
  the 
  Peaks 
  of 
  Otter," 
  and 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  identical 
  with 
  

   the 
  Rickohockan 
  or 
  Rechahecrian 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  Virginia 
  writers. 
  

   who 
  lived 
  in 
  the 
  mountains 
  beyond 
  the 
  Monacan, 
  and 
  in 
  1656 
  rav- 
  

   aged 
  the 
  lowland 
  country 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  Richmond 
  and 
  de- 
  

   feated 
  the 
  English 
  and 
  the 
  Powhatan 
  Indians 
  in 
  a 
  pitched 
  battle 
  at 
  

   that 
  place. 
  3 
  

  

  The 
  language 
  of 
  the 
  Tuscarora, 
  formerly 
  of 
  northeastern 
  North 
  

   Carolina, 
  connect 
  them 
  directly 
  with 
  the 
  northern 
  Iroquois. 
  The 
  

   Chowanoc 
  and 
  Nottoway 
  and 
  other 
  cognate 
  tribes 
  adjoining 
  the 
  

   Tuscarora 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  offshoots 
  from 
  that 
  tribe. 
  

  

  PRINCIPAL 
  TRIBES. 
  

  

  Cayuga. 
  Neuter. 
  Seneca. 
  

  

  Chei-okee. 
  Nottoway. 
  Tibnontate. 
  

  

  Conestoga. 
  Oneida. 
  Tuscarora. 
  

  

  Erie. 
  ( 
  hiondaga. 
  Wyandot. 
  

  

  Mohawk. 
  

  

  Population. 
  — 
  The 
  present 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquoian 
  stock 
  is 
  about 
  

  

  4:;, 
  (U)0, 
  of 
  whom 
  over 
  34,000 
  (including 
  the 
  Cherokees) 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  United 
  States 
  while 
  nearly 
  9,000 
  are 
  in 
  Canada. 
  Below 
  is 
  given 
  

  

  the 
  population 
  of 
  the 
  different 
  tribes, 
  compiled 
  chiefly 
  from 
  the 
  

  

  Blount 
  (1792) 
  in 
  Am. 
  State 
  Papers, 
  1832, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  ]>. 
  326. 
  

   ! 
  Schoolcraft. 
  Notes 
  on 
  Iroquois, 
  1S4T. 
  

   1 
  Bancroft, 
  Hist. 
  U. 
  S. 
  

  

  