﻿150 
  the 
  mide'wiwin 
  of 
  the 
  ojibwa. 
  

  

  where 
  they 
  continue 
  to 
  adhere 
  to 
  traditional 
  customs 
  and 
  beliefs, 
  

   thus 
  presenting 
  an 
  interesting 
  field 
  for 
  ethnologic 
  research. 
  

  

  The 
  present 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  in 
  Minnesota 
  and 
  Wiscon- 
  

   sin 
  is 
  indicated 
  upon 
  the 
  accompanying 
  map. 
  PI. 
  11. 
  In 
  the 
  southern 
  

   portion 
  many 
  of 
  these 
  people 
  have 
  adopted 
  civilized 
  pursuits, 
  but 
  

   throughout 
  the 
  northern 
  and 
  northwestern 
  part 
  many 
  bands 
  continue 
  

   to 
  adhere 
  to 
  their 
  primitive 
  methods 
  and 
  are 
  commonly 
  designated 
  

   " 
  wild 
  Indians." 
  The 
  habitations 
  of 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  rude 
  and 
  

   primitive. 
  The 
  bands 
  on 
  the 
  northeast 
  shore 
  of 
  Red 
  Lake, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   a 
  few 
  others 
  farther 
  east, 
  have 
  occupied 
  these 
  isolated 
  sites 
  for 
  an 
  

   uninterrupted 
  period 
  of 
  about 
  three 
  centuries, 
  as 
  is 
  affirmed 
  by 
  the 
  

   chief 
  men 
  of 
  the 
  several 
  villages 
  and 
  corrob< 
  irated 
  by 
  other 
  traditional 
  

   evidence. 
  

  

  Father 
  Claude 
  Alloiiez, 
  upon 
  his 
  arrival 
  in 
  1066 
  at 
  Shagawaumi- 
  

   kong, 
  or 
  La 
  Pointe, 
  found 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  preparing 
  to 
  attack 
  the 
  Sioux. 
  

   The 
  settlement 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  was 
  an 
  extensive 
  one, 
  and 
  in 
  traditions 
  

   pertaining 
  to 
  the 
  "Grand 
  Medicine 
  Society" 
  frequent 
  allusion 
  is 
  made 
  

   to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  at 
  this 
  place 
  the 
  rites 
  were 
  practiced 
  in 
  their 
  greatest 
  

   purity. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Warren, 
  in 
  his 
  History 
  of 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  Indians, 
  1 
  bases 
  his 
  be- 
  

   lief 
  upon 
  traditional 
  evidence 
  that 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  first 
  had 
  knowledge 
  of 
  

   the 
  whites 
  in 
  1G13. 
  Early 
  in 
  the 
  seventeenth 
  century 
  the 
  French 
  

   missionaries 
  met 
  with 
  various 
  tribes 
  of 
  the 
  Algonkian 
  linguistic 
  stock, 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  with 
  bands 
  or 
  subtribes 
  of 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  Indians. 
  One 
  of 
  the 
  

   latter, 
  inhabiting 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Sault 
  Ste. 
  Marie, 
  is 
  frequently 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  in 
  the 
  Jesuit 
  Relations 
  as 
  the 
  Saulteurs. 
  This 
  term 
  was 
  ap- 
  

   plied 
  to 
  all 
  those 
  people 
  who 
  lived 
  at 
  the 
  Falls, 
  but 
  from 
  other 
  state- 
  

   ments 
  it 
  is 
  clear 
  that 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  formed 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  body 
  

   in 
  that 
  vicinity. 
  La 
  Hontan 
  speaks 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  Outchepoues, 
  alias 
  

   Sauteurs," 
  as 
  good 
  warriors. 
  The 
  name 
  Saulteur 
  survives 
  at 
  this 
  

   day 
  and 
  is 
  applied 
  to 
  a 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  tribe. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  statements 
  made 
  by 
  numerous 
  Ojibwa 
  chiefs 
  of 
  im- 
  

   portance 
  the 
  tribe 
  began 
  its 
  westward 
  dispersion 
  from 
  La 
  Pointe 
  

   and 
  Fond 
  du 
  Lac 
  at 
  least 
  two 
  hundred 
  and 
  fifty 
  years 
  ago, 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  bands 
  penetrating 
  the 
  swampy 
  country 
  of 
  northern 
  Minnesota, 
  

   while 
  others 
  went 
  westward 
  and 
  southwestward. 
  According 
  to 
  a 
  

   statement" 
  of 
  the 
  location 
  of 
  the 
  tribes 
  of 
  Lake 
  Superior, 
  made 
  at 
  

   Mackinaw 
  in 
  1736, 
  the 
  Sioux 
  then 
  occupied 
  the 
  southern 
  and 
  north- 
  

   ern 
  extremities 
  of 
  that 
  lake. 
  It 
  is 
  possible, 
  however, 
  that 
  the 
  north- 
  

   ern 
  bands 
  of 
  the 
  Ojibwa 
  may 
  have 
  penetrated 
  the 
  region 
  adjacent 
  

   to 
  the 
  Pigeon 
  River 
  and 
  passed 
  west 
  to 
  near 
  their 
  present 
  location, 
  

   thus 
  avoiding 
  their 
  enemies 
  who 
  occupied 
  the 
  lake 
  shore 
  south 
  of 
  

   them. 
  

  

  'Coll. 
  Minn. 
  Hist. 
  Soc.,1885, 
  vol.5, 
  p. 
  130. 
  

  

  5 
  Reproduced 
  from 
  the 
  ninth 
  volume 
  of 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  Colonial 
  Documents, 
  pp. 
  

   1054, 
  1055. 
  

  

  