﻿Hoffman.) 
  WARENO' 
  AND 
  JES'SAKKID'. 
  157 
  

  

  sires, 
  and 
  apart 
  from 
  his 
  general 
  routine 
  of 
  furnishing 
  "hunting 
  

   medicine." 
  "love 
  powders," 
  etc., 
  he 
  pretends 
  also 
  to 
  practice 
  medical 
  

   magic. 
  When 
  a 
  hunter 
  has 
  been 
  successful 
  through 
  the 
  supposed 
  

   assistance 
  of 
  the 
  Wabgno', 
  he 
  supplies 
  the 
  latter 
  with 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   game, 
  when, 
  in 
  giving 
  a 
  feast 
  to 
  his 
  tutelary 
  daimon, 
  the 
  WabSno' 
  

   will 
  invite 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  friends, 
  but 
  all 
  who 
  desire 
  to 
  come 
  are 
  wel- 
  

   come. 
  This 
  feast 
  is 
  given 
  at 
  night 
  ; 
  singing 
  and 
  dancing 
  are 
  boister- 
  

   ously 
  indulged 
  in, 
  and 
  the 
  Wab6no', 
  to 
  sustain 
  his 
  reputation, 
  enter- 
  

   tains 
  his 
  visitors 
  with 
  a 
  further 
  exhibition 
  of 
  his 
  skill. 
  By 
  the 
  use 
  

   of 
  plants 
  he 
  is 
  alleged 
  to 
  lie 
  enabled 
  to 
  take 
  up 
  and 
  handle 
  with 
  im- 
  

   punity 
  red-hot 
  stones 
  and 
  burning 
  brands, 
  and 
  without 
  evincing 
  the 
  

   slightest 
  discomfort 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  that 
  he 
  will 
  bathe 
  his 
  hands 
  in 
  boiling 
  

   water, 
  or 
  even 
  boiling 
  maple 
  sirup. 
  On 
  account 
  of 
  such 
  performances 
  

   the 
  general 
  impression 
  prevails 
  among 
  the 
  Indians 
  that 
  the 
  WabPno' 
  

   is 
  a 
  " 
  dealer 
  in 
  fire." 
  or 
  " 
  ii 
  re-handler." 
  Such 
  exhibitions 
  always 
  ter- 
  

   minate 
  at 
  the 
  approach 
  of 
  da 
  y. 
  The 
  number 
  of 
  these 
  pretenders 
  who 
  

   are 
  not 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  Mide'wiwin, 
  is 
  very 
  limited 
  ; 
  for 
  instance, 
  

   there 
  are 
  at 
  present 
  but 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  at 
  White 
  Earth 
  Reservation 
  

   and 
  none 
  at 
  Leech 
  Lake. 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  general 
  rule, 
  however, 
  the 
  Wabeno' 
  will 
  seek 
  entrance 
  into 
  

   the 
  Mide'wiwin 
  when 
  he 
  becomes 
  more 
  of 
  a 
  specialist 
  in 
  the 
  prac- 
  

   tice 
  of 
  medical 
  magic, 
  incantations, 
  and 
  the 
  exorcism 
  of 
  malevolent 
  

   inan'idos, 
  especially 
  such 
  as 
  cause 
  disease. 
  

  

  The 
  Jfs'sakkid' 
  is 
  a 
  seer 
  and 
  prophet; 
  though 
  commonly 
  desig- 
  

   nated 
  a 
  " 
  juggler," 
  the 
  Indians 
  define 
  him 
  as 
  a 
  " 
  revealer 
  of 
  hidden 
  

   truths." 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  association 
  whatever 
  between 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  

   this 
  profession, 
  and 
  each 
  practices 
  his 
  art 
  singly 
  and 
  alone 
  when- 
  

   ever 
  a 
  demand 
  is 
  made 
  and 
  the 
  fee 
  presented. 
  As 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  asso- 
  

   ciation, 
  so 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  initiation 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  which 
  one 
  may 
  become 
  

   a 
  Jes'sakkld'. 
  The 
  gift 
  is 
  believed 
  to 
  be 
  given 
  by 
  the 
  thunder 
  god, 
  

   or 
  Animiki', 
  and 
  then 
  only 
  at 
  long 
  intervals 
  and 
  to 
  a 
  chosen 
  few. 
  

   The 
  gift 
  is 
  received 
  during 
  youth, 
  when 
  the 
  fast 
  is 
  undertaken 
  and 
  

   when 
  visions 
  appear 
  to 
  the 
  individual. 
  His 
  renown 
  depends 
  upon 
  

   his 
  own 
  audacity 
  and 
  the 
  opinion 
  of 
  the 
  tribe. 
  He 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  possess 
  

   the 
  power 
  to 
  look 
  into 
  futurity; 
  to 
  become 
  accpiainted 
  with 
  the 
  affairs 
  

   and 
  intentions 
  of 
  men; 
  to 
  prognosticate 
  the 
  success 
  or 
  misfortune 
  of 
  

   hunters 
  and 
  warriors, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  other 
  affairs 
  of 
  various 
  individuals, 
  

   and 
  to 
  call 
  from 
  any 
  living 
  human 
  being 
  the 
  soul, 
  or, 
  more 
  strictly 
  

   speaking, 
  the 
  shadow, 
  thus 
  depriving 
  the 
  victim 
  of 
  reason, 
  and 
  even 
  

   of 
  life. 
  His 
  power 
  consists 
  in 
  invoking 
  and 
  causing 
  evil, 
  while 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  Mide' 
  is 
  to 
  avert 
  it; 
  he 
  attempts 
  at 
  times 
  to 
  injure 
  the 
  Mide', 
  

   but 
  the 
  latter, 
  by 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  his 
  superior 
  man'idos, 
  becomes 
  aware 
  of, 
  

   and 
  averts 
  such 
  premeditated 
  injury. 
  It 
  sometimes 
  happens 
  that 
  

   the 
  demon 
  possessing 
  a 
  patient 
  is 
  discovered, 
  but 
  the 
  Mide' 
  alone 
  has 
  

   the 
  power 
  to 
  expel 
  him. 
  The 
  exorcism 
  of 
  demons 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  chief 
  

   pretensions 
  of 
  this 
  personage, 
  and 
  evil 
  spirits 
  are 
  sometimes 
  removed 
  

  

  