﻿158 
  the 
  mide'wiwin 
  of 
  the 
  ojibwa. 
  

  

  by 
  sucking 
  them 
  through 
  tubes, 
  and 
  startling 
  tales 
  are 
  told 
  how 
  the 
  

   Jes'sakkid' 
  can, 
  in 
  the 
  twinkling 
  of 
  an 
  eye, 
  disengage 
  himself 
  of 
  the 
  

   most 
  complicated 
  tying 
  of 
  cords 
  and 
  ropes, 
  etc. 
  The 
  lodge 
  used 
  by 
  this 
  

   class 
  of 
  men 
  consists 
  of 
  four 
  poles 
  planted 
  in 
  the 
  ground, 
  forming 
  

   a 
  square 
  of 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  feet 
  and 
  upward 
  in 
  diameter, 
  around 
  which 
  

   are 
  wrapped 
  birch 
  bark, 
  robes, 
  or 
  canvas 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  way 
  as 
  to 
  form 
  

   an 
  upright 
  cylinder. 
  Communion 
  is 
  held 
  with 
  the 
  turtle, 
  who 
  is 
  

   the 
  most 
  powerful 
  man'ido 
  of 
  the 
  Jes'sakkid', 
  and 
  through 
  him, 
  

   with 
  numerous 
  other 
  malevolent 
  man'idos, 
  especially 
  the 
  Animiki', 
  

   or 
  thunder-bird. 
  When 
  the 
  prophet 
  has 
  seated 
  himself 
  within 
  his 
  

   lodge 
  the 
  structure 
  begins 
  to 
  sway 
  violently 
  from 
  side 
  to 
  side, 
  loud 
  

   thumping 
  noises 
  are 
  heard 
  within, 
  denoting 
  the 
  arrival 
  of 
  man'idos, 
  

   and 
  numerous 
  voices 
  and 
  laughter 
  are 
  distinctly 
  audible 
  to 
  those 
  

   without. 
  Questions 
  may 
  then 
  be 
  put 
  to 
  the 
  prophet 
  and, 
  if 
  every- 
  

   thing 
  be 
  favorable, 
  the 
  response 
  is 
  not 
  long 
  in 
  coming. 
  In 
  his 
  

   notice 
  of 
  the 
  Jes'sakkid', 
  Schoolcraft 
  affirms 
  1 
  that 
  "while 
  he 
  'thus 
  

   exercises 
  the 
  functions 
  of 
  a 
  prophet, 
  he 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  member 
  of 
  the 
  

   highest 
  class 
  of 
  the 
  fraternity 
  of 
  the 
  Midawin 
  — 
  a 
  society 
  of 
  men 
  

   who 
  exercise 
  the 
  medical 
  art 
  on 
  the 
  principles 
  of 
  magic 
  and 
  incan- 
  

   tations. 
  The 
  fact 
  is 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  slightest 
  connection 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  the 
  practice 
  of 
  the 
  Jes'sakkid' 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Mide'wiwin, 
  

   audit 
  is 
  seldom, 
  if 
  at 
  all, 
  that 
  a 
  Mide' 
  becomes 
  a 
  Jes'sakkid', 
  although 
  

   the 
  latter 
  sometimes 
  gains 
  admission 
  into 
  the 
  Mide'wiwin, 
  chiefly 
  

   with 
  the 
  intention 
  of 
  strengthening 
  his 
  power 
  with 
  his 
  tribe. 
  

  

  The 
  number 
  of 
  individuals 
  of 
  this 
  class 
  who 
  are 
  not 
  members 
  of 
  

   the 
  Mide'wiwin 
  is 
  limited, 
  though 
  greater 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Wabenf>'. 
  

   An 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  proportion 
  of 
  numbers 
  of 
  the 
  respective 
  classes 
  may 
  

   be 
  formed 
  by 
  taking 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  Menomoni 
  Indians, 
  who 
  are 
  in 
  this 
  

   respect 
  upon 
  the 
  same 
  plane 
  as 
  the 
  Ojibwa. 
  That 
  tribe 
  numbers 
  

   about 
  fifteen 
  hundred, 
  the 
  Mide' 
  Society 
  consisting, 
  in 
  round 
  num- 
  

   bers, 
  of 
  one 
  hundred 
  members, 
  and 
  among 
  the 
  entire 
  population 
  

   there 
  are 
  but 
  two 
  Wabeno' 
  and 
  five 
  Jes'sakkid'. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  evident 
  that 
  neither 
  the 
  Wabgno' 
  nor 
  the 
  Jes'sakkid' 
  coufine 
  

   themselves 
  to 
  the 
  mnemonic 
  songs 
  which 
  are 
  employed 
  during 
  their 
  

   ceremonial 
  performances, 
  or 
  even 
  prepare 
  them 
  to 
  any 
  extent. 
  Such 
  

   bark 
  records 
  as 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  or 
  recorded, 
  even 
  after 
  most 
  

   careful 
  research 
  and 
  examination 
  extending 
  over 
  the 
  field 
  seasons 
  of 
  

   three 
  years, 
  prove 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  the 
  property 
  of 
  Wab6n5' 
  and 
  Jes'- 
  

   sakkid', 
  who 
  were 
  also 
  Mide'. 
  It 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  those 
  who 
  prac- 
  

   tice 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  two 
  forms 
  of 
  ceremonies 
  and 
  nothing 
  else 
  are 
  

   familiar 
  with 
  and 
  may 
  employ 
  for 
  their 
  own 
  information 
  certain 
  

   mnemonic 
  records; 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  limited 
  to 
  the 
  characteristic 
  form- 
  

   ulae 
  of 
  exorcism, 
  as 
  their 
  practice 
  varies 
  and 
  is 
  subject 
  to 
  changes 
  

   according 
  to 
  circumstances 
  and 
  the 
  requirements 
  and 
  wants 
  of 
  the 
  

   applicant 
  when 
  words 
  are 
  chanted 
  to 
  accord 
  therewith. 
  

  

  'Op. 
  cit, 
  vol. 
  5, 
  p. 
  433. 
  

  

  