﻿hopfman.] 
  EXPLANATION 
  OF 
  LEECH 
  LAKE 
  RECORD. 
  171 
  

  

  107) 
  and 
  the 
  stone 
  (No. 
  108) 
  against 
  which 
  the 
  sick 
  are 
  placed 
  dur- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  treatment, 
  signifies 
  the 
  owner 
  to 
  have 
  practiced 
  his 
  

   calling 
  of 
  the 
  exorcism 
  of 
  demons. 
  But 
  that 
  he 
  also 
  visited 
  the 
  sick 
  

   beyond 
  the 
  acknowledged 
  jurisdiction 
  of 
  the 
  society 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  re- 
  

   sided, 
  is 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  path 
  (No. 
  109) 
  leading 
  around 
  the 
  sacred 
  

   inclosure. 
  

  

  Upon 
  that 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  chart 
  immediately 
  above 
  the 
  fourth 
  de- 
  

   gree 
  lodge 
  is 
  shown 
  the 
  outline 
  of 
  a 
  Mide'wiwin 
  (No. 
  110), 
  with 
  a 
  

   path 
  (No. 
  114). 
  leading 
  toward 
  the 
  west 
  to 
  a 
  circle 
  (No. 
  Ill), 
  within 
  

   which 
  is 
  another 
  similar 
  structure 
  (No. 
  112) 
  whose 
  longest 
  diameter 
  

   is 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  path, 
  signifying 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  built 
  so 
  that 
  its 
  

   entrance 
  is 
  at 
  the 
  north. 
  This 
  is 
  the 
  Dzhibai' 
  Mide'wigan 
  or 
  Ghost 
  

   Lodge. 
  

  

  Around 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  circle 
  are 
  small 
  V-shaped 
  characters 
  

   denoting 
  the 
  places 
  occupied 
  by 
  the 
  spirits 
  of 
  the 
  departed, 
  who 
  are 
  

   presided 
  over 
  by 
  the 
  Dzhibai' 
  Mide', 
  literally 
  Shadow 
  Mide'. 
  

  

  No. 
  113 
  represents 
  the 
  Ko-ko-kO-o' 
  (Owl) 
  passing 
  from 
  the 
  Mide'- 
  

   wigan 
  to 
  the 
  Land 
  of 
  the 
  Setting 
  Sun, 
  the 
  place 
  of 
  the 
  dead, 
  upon 
  

   the 
  road 
  of 
  the 
  dead, 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  pathway 
  at 
  No. 
  111. 
  This 
  

   man'ido 
  is 
  personated 
  by 
  a 
  candidate 
  for 
  the 
  first 
  degree 
  of 
  the 
  

   Mide'wiwin 
  when 
  giving 
  a 
  feast 
  to 
  the 
  dead 
  in 
  honor 
  of 
  the 
  shadow 
  

   of 
  him 
  who 
  had 
  been 
  dedicated 
  to 
  the 
  Mide'wiwin 
  and 
  whose 
  place 
  

   is 
  now 
  to 
  be 
  taken 
  by 
  the 
  giver 
  of 
  the 
  feast. 
  

  

  Upon 
  the 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  Mide' 
  record, 
  above 
  described, 
  is 
  the 
  per- 
  

   sonal 
  record 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  owner, 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  PI. 
  in 
  B. 
  Nos. 
  1, 
  

   2, 
  3, 
  and 
  4 
  represent 
  the 
  four 
  degrees 
  of 
  the 
  society 
  into 
  which 
  he 
  

   has 
  been 
  initiated, 
  or, 
  to 
  use 
  the 
  phraseology 
  of 
  an 
  Ojibwa, 
  " 
  through 
  

   which 
  he 
  has 
  gone." 
  This 
  " 
  passing 
  through" 
  is 
  further 
  illustrated 
  

   by 
  the 
  bear 
  tracks, 
  he 
  having 
  personated 
  the 
  Makwa' 
  Man'ido 
  or 
  

   Bear 
  Spirit, 
  considered 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  highest 
  and 
  most 
  powerful 
  of 
  the 
  

   guardian 
  spirits 
  of 
  the 
  fourth 
  degree 
  wigwam. 
  

  

  The 
  illustration 
  presented 
  in 
  PI. 
  hi 
  C 
  represents 
  the 
  outlines 
  of 
  a 
  

   birch-bark 
  record 
  (reduced 
  to 
  one-third) 
  found 
  among 
  the 
  effects 
  of 
  

   a 
  lately 
  deceased 
  Mide' 
  from 
  Leech 
  Lake, 
  Minnesota. 
  This 
  record, 
  

   together 
  with 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  other 
  curious 
  articles, 
  composed 
  the 
  outfit 
  

   of 
  the 
  Mide', 
  but 
  the 
  Rev. 
  James 
  A. 
  Gilfillan 
  of 
  White 
  Earth, 
  

   through 
  whose 
  courtesy 
  I 
  was 
  permitted 
  to 
  examine 
  the 
  objects, 
  

   could 
  give 
  me 
  no 
  information 
  concerning 
  their 
  use. 
  Since 
  that 
  time, 
  

   however, 
  I 
  have 
  had 
  an 
  opportunity 
  of 
  consulting 
  with 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   chief 
  priests 
  of 
  the 
  Leech 
  Lake 
  Society, 
  through 
  whom 
  I 
  have 
  ob- 
  

   tained 
  some 
  interesting 
  data 
  concerning 
  them. 
  

  

  The 
  chart 
  represents 
  the 
  owner 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  a 
  Mide' 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  

   degree, 
  as 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  two 
  outlines 
  of 
  the 
  respective 
  structures 
  

   at 
  Nos. 
  1 
  and 
  2, 
  the 
  place 
  of 
  the 
  sacred 
  posts 
  being 
  marked 
  at 
  Nos. 
  

   3 
  and 
  4. 
  Nos. 
  5, 
  6, 
  7. 
  and 
  S 
  are 
  Mide' 
  priests 
  holding 
  their 
  Mide' 
  

   bags 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  ceremony 
  of 
  initiation. 
  The 
  disks 
  represented 
  at 
  Nos. 
  

  

  