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  LOCATION; 
  LINGUISTIC 
  RELATIONSHIPS 
  

  

  45 
  

  

  Fig. 
  6. 
  Cut 
  of 
  hair, 
  Po»'- 
  

   caxti 
  gens 
  (Ponca). 
  

  

  giving 
  winds 
  of 
  the 
  four 
  directions," 
  while 
  " 
  the 
  stone 
  represented 
  long 
  

   life." 
  The 
  child's 
  baby 
  name 
  was 
  then 
  "thrown 
  away," 
  and 
  a 
  name 
  

   from 
  the 
  gens 
  to 
  which 
  its 
  father 
  belonged 
  was 
  publicly 
  announced 
  

   and 
  bestowed 
  upon 
  it. 
  All 
  children 
  were 
  "turned 
  " 
  but 
  only 
  boys 
  had 
  

   the 
  lock 
  of 
  hair 
  severed 
  from 
  the 
  crown 
  of 
  the 
  

   head, 
  the 
  lock 
  being 
  laid 
  away 
  in 
  a 
  pack 
  kept 
  by 
  

   the 
  old 
  man 
  who 
  performed 
  the 
  rite. 
  The 
  boy 
  

   was 
  then 
  taken 
  home 
  and 
  the 
  father 
  cut 
  his 
  hair 
  

   in 
  the 
  symbolic 
  manner 
  of 
  his 
  gens. 
  (See 
  Omaha 
  

   rite 
  of 
  Turning 
  the 
  Child, 
  p. 
  117.) 
  

  

  (For 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  Feast 
  of 
  the 
  Soldier 
  

   and 
  its 
  ritual, 
  see 
  pp. 
  309-311.) 
  

  

  This 
  gens 
  had 
  duties 
  also 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  

   the 
  buffalo 
  hunt. 
  

  

  The 
  people 
  of 
  the 
  Mo 
  n 
  ko 
  n/ 
  subdivision 
  painted 
  their 
  tents 
  with 
  

   black 
  ami 
  yellow 
  bands. 
  

  

  The 
  symbolic 
  1 
  cut 
  of 
  the 
  child's 
  hair 
  consisted 
  in 
  leaving 
  only 
  a 
  

   tuft 
  on 
  the 
  forehead, 
  one 
  at 
  the 
  nape 
  of 
  the 
  neck, 
  and 
  one 
  on 
  each 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  (fig. 
  6). 
  

  

  5. 
  waniia'be 
  c.ens 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  of 
  this 
  gens, 
  Washa'be, 
  was 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  

   ceremonial 
  staff 
  used 
  by 
  the 
  Omaha 
  leader 
  of 
  the 
  annual 
  tribal 
  buffalo 
  

   hunt, 
  and 
  also 
  of 
  that 
  subdivision 
  of 
  the 
  Omaha 
  

   Ho"'ga 
  gens 
  which 
  had 
  charge 
  of 
  the 
  tent 
  contain- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  White 
  Buffalo 
  Hide, 
  of 
  its 
  ritual, 
  and 
  of 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  maize 
  (see 
  p. 
  261). 
  The 
  Ponca 
  gens, 
  like 
  the 
  

   Omaha 
  Washa'be 
  subdivision, 
  had 
  duties 
  connected 
  

   with 
  the 
  tribal 
  buffalo 
  hunt, 
  and 
  was 
  associated 
  

   with 
  the 
  Mo"ko"' 
  subdivision 
  of 
  the 
  Po 
  n 
  'caxti 
  gens 
  

   in 
  regulating 
  the 
  people 
  at 
  that 
  time 
  and 
  appointing 
  

   officers 
  to 
  maintain 
  order 
  on 
  the 
  hunt. 
  There 
  were 
  

   no 
  ceremonies 
  in 
  the 
  Ponca 
  tribe 
  relative 
  to 
  the 
  

   planting 
  or 
  the 
  care 
  of 
  maize. 
  The 
  Ponca 
  are 
  said 
  

   to 
  have 
  depended 
  for 
  food 
  principally 
  on 
  hunting, 
  and 
  to 
  have 
  

   obtained 
  their 
  maize 
  more 
  by 
  barter 
  than 
  by 
  cultivation. 
  

  

  The 
  symbolic 
  cut 
  of 
  the 
  child's 
  hair 
  consisted 
  in 
  leaving 
  only 
  a 
  

   tuft 
  on 
  the 
  forehead 
  and 
  one 
  at 
  the 
  nape 
  of 
  the 
  neck 
  (fig. 
  7). 
  

  

  Fig. 
  7. 
  Cut 
  of 
  hair, 
  Wt 
  

   sha'be 
  gens 
  (Ponca). 
  

  

  U'AZIIA 
  ZHE 
  GENS 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  Osage 
  is 
  a 
  corruption 
  of 
  the 
  native 
  term 
  vazhi'rjn. 
  

   Whether 
  or 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  tabu 
  and 
  customs 
  of 
  this 
  gens 
  the 
  Ponca 
  have 
  

   conserved 
  something 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  rites 
  of 
  the 
  Wazha'zhe, 
  or 
  Osage, 
  

   people 
  (rites 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  snake) 
  can 
  be 
  determined 
  only 
  by 
  

   more 
  careful 
  research 
  than 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  possible 
  for 
  the 
  writers 
  to 
  

   make. 
  

  

  