﻿624 
  THE 
  OMAHA 
  TRIBE 
  [eth. 
  ANN. 
  27 
  

  

  section 
  6 
  of 
  the 
  treaty 
  of 
  1854, 
  was 
  repeated 
  and 
  the 
  stipulation 
  

   made 
  that 
  their 
  half-breed 
  relatives 
  then 
  residing 
  with 
  them 
  should 
  

   be 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  promised 
  allotment. 
  

  

  By 
  an 
  act 
  of 
  March 
  3, 
  1871, 
  the 
  mode 
  of 
  government 
  negotiations 
  

   with 
  Indian 
  tribes 
  was 
  changed; 
  treaties 
  were 
  no 
  longer 
  to 
  be 
  made 
  

   but 
  legislation 
  was 
  to 
  be 
  enacted, 
  the 
  execution 
  of 
  any 
  act 
  to 
  be 
  

   "with 
  the 
  consent 
  of 
  the 
  tribe." 
  

  

  By 
  the 
  act 
  of 
  June, 
  1872 
  (U. 
  S. 
  Stat, 
  at 
  Large, 
  vol. 
  xvri, 
  p. 
  391), 
  

   the 
  Omaha 
  sold 
  to 
  the 
  Government 
  50,000 
  acres 
  from 
  the 
  western 
  

   part 
  of 
  their 
  reservation. 
  A 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  proceeds 
  of 
  this 
  sale 
  was 
  

   to 
  be 
  expended 
  for 
  fencing 
  farms, 
  building 
  houses, 
  purchasing 
  imple- 
  

   ments 
  and 
  live 
  stock, 
  and 
  establishing 
  and 
  maintaining 
  schools. 
  

  

  Under 
  an 
  act 
  of 
  June, 
  1874 
  (U. 
  S. 
  Stat, 
  at 
  Large, 
  vol. 
  xviii, 
  

   p. 
  170), 
  20 
  additional 
  sections 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  reservation 
  

   were 
  sold 
  for 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  Winnebago 
  tribe. 
  

  

  By 
  an 
  act 
  of 
  August 
  7, 
  1882 
  (U. 
  S. 
  Stat, 
  at 
  Large, 
  vol. 
  xxn, 
  p. 
  

   341), 
  the 
  Omaha 
  were 
  given 
  their 
  lands 
  in 
  severalty, 
  each 
  man, 
  

   woman, 
  and 
  child 
  receiving 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  tribal 
  land, 
  which 
  was 
  

   secured 
  by 
  a 
  patent, 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  holding 
  the 
  patent 
  in 
  trust 
  

   for 
  twenty-live 
  years, 
  during 
  which 
  time 
  the 
  land 
  was 
  not 
  taxable 
  

   and 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  encumbered 
  or 
  sold; 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  trust 
  period 
  

   patents 
  in 
  fee 
  were 
  to 
  be 
  given 
  to 
  the 
  original 
  allottees 
  or 
  their 
  heirs, 
  

   according 
  to 
  the 
  laws 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  of 
  Nebraska. 
  The 
  act 
  placed 
  the 
  

   Omaha 
  under 
  the 
  laws 
  of 
  the 
  State, 
  civil 
  and 
  criminal. 
  The 
  unallot- 
  

   ted 
  land 
  in 
  the 
  southwestern 
  township 
  of 
  the 
  reservation 
  and 
  west 
  

   of 
  the 
  railroad 
  running 
  between 
  Sioux 
  City, 
  Iowa, 
  and 
  Omaha, 
  

   Nebraska, 
  was 
  thrown 
  open 
  to 
  purchase 
  by 
  white 
  settlers. 
  

  

  By 
  a 
  clause 
  in 
  the 
  "severalty 
  act" 
  of 
  February 
  7, 
  1887, 
  the 
  Omaha 
  

   as 
  allotted 
  Indians 
  became 
  citizens 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  

  

  A 
  right 
  of 
  way 
  was 
  granted 
  to 
  a 
  railroad 
  through 
  the 
  reservation 
  in 
  

   1S!)4 
  (U. 
  S. 
  Stat, 
  at 
  Large, 
  vol. 
  xxvni, 
  p. 
  95). 
  The 
  right 
  was 
  

   extended 
  and 
  new 
  rights 
  were 
  granted 
  in 
  1896 
  (U. 
  S. 
  Stat, 
  at 
  Large, 
  

   vol. 
  xxx, 
  pp. 
  344, 
  912). 
  The 
  survey 
  of 
  the 
  Sioux 
  City 
  and 
  Western 
  

   Railroad 
  was 
  approved 
  by 
  the 
  Secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Interior 
  .May 
  '_', 
  1905. 
  

   The 
  road 
  was 
  completed 
  and 
  was 
  running 
  through 
  the 
  reservation 
  in 
  

   April, 
  1907. 
  Two 
  towns 
  were 
  located 
  on 
  this 
  railroad, 
  the 
  land 
  

   being 
  negotiated 
  for 
  with 
  Indians 
  who 
  had 
  inherited 
  the 
  tracts 
  and 
  

   were 
  permitted 
  by 
  an 
  act 
  of 
  Congress 
  to 
  sell 
  the 
  lands. 
  The 
  town 
  

   site 
  of 
  Rosalie 
  was 
  approved 
  by 
  .lie 
  .Secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Interior 
  January 
  

   18, 
  1906, 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  lot 
  was 
  sold 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1907; 
  the 
  town 
  

   was 
  named 
  for 
  the 
  late 
  Rosalie 
  ha 
  Flesche 
  Farley, 
  a 
  daughter 
  of 
  

   Joseph 
  ha 
  Flesche. 
  Its 
  populationin 
  1910 
  was 
  147. 
  The 
  town 
  site 
  

   of 
  Walthill 
  was 
  approved 
  by 
  the 
  Secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Interior 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   time 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  Rosalie 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  lots 
  were 
  sold 
  on 
  May 
  22, 
  1907. 
  

   The 
  (own 
  was 
  named 
  for 
  Walter 
  Hill 
  (son 
  of 
  J. 
  J. 
  Hill), 
  who 
  had 
  

   had 
  charge 
  of 
  the 
  construction 
  of 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  railroad 
  on 
  which 
  

  

  