lU'LL. :!01 



AGAIVANUNA^ — AGENCY SYSTEM 



21 



son r. ami lake, Nev. They were under 

 Chief Oderie and numbered about 1,500. 

 A-gai-du-ka.— Powell, I'aviotso MS.. B. A. E., 1881. 

 Aga'ih-tika'ra.— MdoiU'v in 1 4tli Rep. B. A. E., 1051, 

 1896. A'-gai-ti-kiit-teh. — I'liwrrs, Iiids. W., Nev.. 

 MS.. B. A. E.. 1S76. Ahgy-tecitteh.— Powers in 

 Smithson. Kfp. ls7(i, 4.12. 1S77. Ahgyweit.— Ibid. 

 Ocki Pah-Utes.— Camjibell in Ind. Aff. Rep.. 113, 

 1K70. Ocki-Pi-Utes.— Ibid., 119, 18(56. Octi.— Ibid. 

 Walker River Pi-Utes. — I bid . 



Agaiyamana ( A-f/di-va-nu^-na) . A Pavi- 

 ot.so division formerly living at Summit 

 lake, w. Nevada. — Powell, Paviotso MS., 

 B. A. E., 1881. 



Agamagus. See Moxus. 



Aganustata. See Oconoatofa. 



Agate. See Chakedou tj . 



Agawam (' fish-curing [place] '. — Hew- 

 itt). A name of frequent occurrence in 

 s. New England and on Long Island, and 

 by which was designated at least 3 Indian 

 villages or tribes in Massachusetts. 



The most important was at Ipswich, 

 Essex CO. , Mass. The site was sold by the 

 chief in 1638. Its jurisdiction included the 

 land on Newbury r., and the tribe was a 

 part of the Pennacook confederacy. It 

 was almost extinct in 1658, but as late as 

 1726 there were still 3 families living near 

 Wigwam hill. 



The second tribe or band of that name 

 had its chief town on Long hill, near 

 Springfield, Hampden co., Mass. Spring- 

 field was sold in 1635 and the Indian town 

 was in existence in 1675. This tribe was 

 commonly classed with the Pacomtuc. 



The third was about Wareham, Ply- 

 mouth CO., Mass., the site of which was 

 sold in 1655. It was probably slibject to 

 the Wampanoag, l)ut joined in the plot 

 against the English in 1621. (.t. m. ) 



Agawaam. — Reeord.s (1672) in Mass. Hist. Sop. 

 Coll., 2d s., IV, SO, 1816. Agawam.— Pvnchon (1663) 

 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., .\iii, 308, 1881. Agawom.— 

 Smith (1629), Virginia, ii, 174, repr. 1819. Aga- 

 womes.— Gookin (1674) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 

 1st s., I, 149, 1806. Aggawam.— Smith (1616), ibid., 

 3d s., VI, 97, 1837. Aggawom.— Smith (1629), Vir- 

 ginia, II, 177, repr. 1819. Agissawamg. — Johnson 

 (1654) in Ma.ss. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., ll, 66, 1814. 

 Agowaun.— Williams (1638), ibid., 4th s., Vl, 248, 

 1863. Agowaywam.— Mount (1622), ibid., 1st s., 

 VIII, 262, 1802. Aguwom.— Underbill (1638), ibid., 

 3d s., VI, 1, 1837. Angawom. — New Eng. Mem. 

 quoted by Drake, Ind. Wars, 9.5, note, 1825. Atf 

 goum. — Mourt (1622) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 

 2d s.. IX, 37, 1822. Anguum, — Ibid. Auga-wam. — 

 Dee in Smith (1629), Virginia, ii, 235, repr. 1819. 

 Augawoam. — Smith ( 1631 ) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 

 3d s.. Ill, 22, 1833. Augoam.— ^Sniith (1616), ibid., 

 VI, 97, 1837. Augoan,— Smith (1629), Virginia, ll, 

 193, repr. 1819. Auguan.— Smith (1631) in Mass. 

 Hist. Soe. Coll., 3d s.. Ill, 37, 1833. 



Agawano ( A-y(t'-VH:i-no). A prehistoric 

 pueblo of the Nanibe, situated in the 

 mountains about 7 m. e. of the Rio 

 Grande, on Rio Santa Cruz, lat. 36°, New 

 Mexico. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 

 IV, 84, 1892. 

 A-ga.TJo-no. — Bandelier, op. cit. 



Agawesh. A Modoc settlement and 

 camping place on Lower Klamath lake, 

 N. Cal., and on Hot cr. The name is 

 primarily that of Lower Klamath lake, 

 and the people of the settlement were 

 called Agaweshkni. (l. f. ) 



Agawesh. — Gatschet inCoiit. N. .\.Etlinol., ii, jii. 

 1, xxxii. 1890. Agaweshkni.— Itiid.. 19 ( ' people of 

 .Vgdwesh'). Agaweshni. — Itiid. Aka-ush. — Ibid., 

 16. Aka-uskni. — Ibid., 19. Hot creek Indians. — 

 Meacham. Wigwam and Warpath. .577, 1875. Ok- 

 kowish.— Steele in Ind. Aff. Rep., 121, 1864 (said 

 erroneously to be the Modoe name for them- 

 selves). 



Agdluitsok. An Eskimo village and 

 Danish post in s. w. Greenland, lat. 60° 

 31'. — MeddelelseromGronland, xvi, map, 

 1896. 



Lichtenau. — Koldewev. German Aret. Exped., 

 182, 1874. 



Agency System. Indian affairs are con- 

 ducted under the administrative bureau 

 in Washington by local Indian agents. 

 This agency system was gradually devel- 

 ojied to meet the various exigencies aris- 

 ing from the rapid displacement of Indian 

 tribes by white settlers. 



History. — During the colonial period 

 the spread of trade brought a large num- 

 ber of tribes in contact with the French 

 and the English, and each nation strove 

 to make allies among the natives. Their 

 rivalry leil to the French and Indian war, 

 and its effects were felt as late as the first 

 half of the 19th century. When the Rev- 

 olution began the attitude of the Indians 

 became a matter of importance, and plans 

 were speedily devised to secure their 

 friendship for the colonists and to thwart 

 English influence. One of the means 

 employed was the appointment of 

 agents to I'eside among the tribes liv- 

 ing near the settlements. These men 

 were charged to watch the movements of 

 the Indians and through the mainte- 

 nance of trade to secure their good will 

 toward the colonists. As the war went 

 on the western trading posts of the Brit- 

 ish became military camps, which drew 

 the colonial troops into a hitherto un- 

 known country. Conditions arose which 

 necessitated new methods for the control 

 of Indians, and in 1786 Congress, to 

 which the Articles of Confederation gave 

 exclusive right and power to manage 

 Indian affairs, estal)lished two districts — 

 a northern district, to include all tribes 

 N. of Ohio r. and w. of Hudson r. , and a 

 southern district, to include all tribes s. 

 of Ohio r. A bonded superintendent 

 was placed over each, and power was 

 given to him to appoint two bonded depu- 

 ties. Every tribe within these districts 

 laid claim to a definite tract as its own 

 territory, and these tribal districts came 

 to be recognized as tribal lands. The 

 old trading posts became in time indus- 

 trial centers, and the Indians were 

 called on to cede the adjoining lands. 

 The right of way from one post to an- 

 other was next acquired. As settlers 

 advanced more land was secured, and so 

 rapidly were the tribes constrained to 

 move westward that it became necessary 

 to recast the districts established in 1786. 

 The plan of districting the country under 

 bonded officers was continued, but on a 



