86 



ARIKARA ARITUTOC 



[b. a. e. 



the opening of this shrine and the exhi- 

 bition of its contents, which were sym- 

 bohc of the forces that make and keep 

 all things alive and fruitful. Aside from 

 these ceremonies there were other quasi- 

 religious gatherings in which feats of 

 jugglery were performed, for the Ari- 

 kara, like their kindred the Pawnee, 

 were noted for their skill in legerdemain. 

 The dead were placed in a sitting posture, 

 wrapped in skins, and buried in mound 

 graves. The proi)erty, except such per- 

 sonal belongings as were interred with 

 the body, was distributed among the 

 kindred, the family tracing descent 

 through the mother. A collection of 

 Arikara traditions, by G. A. Dorsey, has 

 been published by the Carnegie Institu- 

 tion (1903). 



The Arikara were a loosely organized 

 confederacy of subtribes, each of which 

 had its separate village and distinctive 

 name. Few of these names have been 

 preserved. Lewis and Clark (Exped., i, 

 97, 1814) mention Lahoocat, a village 

 occupied in 1797, but abandoned about 

 1800. How many subtribes were includ- 

 ed in the confederacy can not now be de- 

 termined. Lewis and Clark speak of the 

 Arikara as the renmant of 10 powerful 

 Pawnee tribes, living in 1804 in 3 villages. 

 The inroads of disease and war have so re- 

 duced the tribe that little now remains 

 of their former divisions. The following 

 names were noted during the middle 

 of the last century : Hachepiriinu ( ' young 

 dogs'), Hia ('band of Cree'), Hosuk- 

 haunu ( ' foolish dogs ' ), Hosukhaunukare- 

 rihu ('little foolish dogs'), Sukhutit 

 ('blackmouths' ),Kaka( 'band of Crows') , 

 Okos ( 'band of bulls'), Paushuk ('band 

 of cut-throats') . Some of these may re- 

 fer to military and other societies; others 

 seem to be nicknames, as "Cut-throats." 



(a. c. f. ) 

 A da ka' da ho. — Matthews, Ethnog-. Hidatsa, 125, 

 1877 ^ Hi(latsaname). Ah-pen-ope-say. — Anon. MS. 

 Crow vocab.,B. A. E. (Crow luiiiit'). Ai-dik'-a-da- 

 hu.— Hoffman in I'roc. Am. Philos. Soc, 294, 188(j 

 ( = 'people, of the flowinK hair'). Ankora. — Ind. 

 Aff.Rep., 63,1851. A-pan-to'-pse.—Havden, Ethnog. 

 and Philol. Mo. Val., 402, 1862 ((Tow name). Ara- 

 caris.— Gass, Voy., 400, 1810. A raka 'da ho. —Mat- 

 thews, Ethnog. Hidatsa, 125, 1877 (Hi'datsa name). 

 Archarees. — Morgan in No. Am. Rev., 493, 1869. 

 Aricaras. — Beaurain (rn. 1720) in Margry, D6c., 

 VI, 2S9, 1886. Aricarees. — Saxton quoted by 

 Stevens, Rep. on Pac. R. R., 239, 1854. Aricarie.— 

 Schermerhorn in Mass. Hist. Coll., 2d s., ir, 34, 1814. 

 Aricaris. — Gass, Jour., 48, 1807. Aricas.— Carte 

 des Poss. Aug., 1777. Ariccarees. — Culbertson in 

 Smithson. Rep. 1850, 115, 1851. Aricharay.— Sen. 

 Doc. 47, 16th Cong., 1st ses.s., 4, 1820. Arichard.— 

 Sen. Ex. Doe. 90, 22d Cong., 1st ,sess., 63, 1832. 

 Arickara.— Clark and Cass in H. R. Ex. Doc. 117, 

 20th Cong., 2d sess., 99, 1829. A-rick-a-ra-one. — 

 Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., li, Ixx.xiv, 1823 

 (Hidatsa name). Arickaraws. — Sen. Ex. Doc. 

 94, 34th Cong., 1st sess., 13, 1856. Arickare.— 

 Ind. Afl. Rep., 297, 1S35. Arickarees.— Ind. Aff. 

 Rep., 403, 1836. Arickera.— Ind. Aff. Rep. 245, 

 1846. A-rik'-a-hu.— Hoffman in Proc. Am. Philos. 

 Soc., 294, 1886 (Hidatsa form). Arikara.— 

 Matthews, Ethnog. Hidatsa, 13, 1877 (Mandan 



name). A'-ri-ka'-ra. — Hoffman in Proc. Am. 

 Philos. Soc, 294, 1886 (abbreviation of the Man- 

 dan Ai-dlk'-a-da-hn). Arikare. — Ind. Aff'. Rep., 

 247, 1877. Arik'-are.— Hoffman in Proc. Am. 

 Philos. Soe., 294, l.ss6 (name of Hidatsa ori- 

 gin). Arikarees. — Keane in Stanford, Compend., 

 .533, 1878. Arikari.— Burton, Citv of Saints, 119, 

 1861. Arikera,— Sen.Ex.Doe.90, 22d Cong., Istsess., 

 29, 1.S32. Arikkaras.— Maximilian, Trav., 143, 

 1843. Arrekaras.— McCoy, Ann. Reg., 52, 1836. 

 Arricara. — La Harpe ( 1719) in Margry , D6c., VI, 293, 

 1886. Arricarees. — Warren (1855), Nebr. andDak., 

 50, 1875. Arrickaraws.— Dougherty (1837)inH.R. 

 Doc. 276, 25tli < 'ong., 2il se.ss., l(i, 1S3S. Arrickaree.— 

 Ind. Aff: Rej). l.s,5t;, 67, 1.S57. Arrickora.— Webb, Al- 

 towan, I, 83, 1846. Arriekaris. — Domenech, Des. 

 N.Am., I, map, l.scu. Auricara,— U. S. Ind. Treaties, 

 447, 1837. Aurickarees. — Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 I, 523, 1S51, Biccarees. — Domenech, Des. N. Am., 

 I, 431, 1860. Black Pawnee.— Prichard, Phys. Hist. 

 Mankind, v, 4US, ].S47 (applying pr(.)perly to the 

 Wichita, the Black-bear PaVvnee of the Omaha). 

 Corn Eaters.— Culliertson in Smithson. Rep. 1860, 

 130, 1851 (given as their own name). Eokoros. — 

 Lahontan, New Voy., i, 110, 1703. Eskoros. — La- 

 hontan, misquoted by Schoolcraft, Trav. ,viii, 1821. 

 Ka'-nan-in. — Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. 

 Val., 326, 1862(Arapaho name: 'people whosejaws 

 break in pieces')- Kees. — Terry in Rep. Sec. War, 

 pt 1, 35, 1869 (misprint). Kicaras. — Lewis, Trav., 

 15, 1809 (mi.sprint). la Ree. — Lewis and Clark, 

 Disc, 22, 1806. Okoro.— Lahontan, New Voy., I, 

 120, 1703. O-no'-ni-o.— Havden, Ethnog. " and 

 Philol. Mo. Val., 290, 1862 (Cheyenne name). 

 Fadani. — For forms of this name as applied to the 

 Arikara, see Pawnee. Pa'^i"-diza. — Dorsey, MS. 

 (fegiha Diet., B. A. E., 1878 (Omaha and Ponka 

 name: 'Sand Pawnee'). Panis ricaras. — .lefferys, 

 Fr. Dom. Am., pt. 1, 143, 1761. Panyi pu6a. — Dor- 

 sey, MS. Tciwere vocab., B. A. E., 1879 (Iowa, Oto, 

 and INlissouri name: 'Sand Pawnee'). Pawnee- 

 Rikasree, — Nuttall, Jour., 81, 1821. Pucaras. — 

 Alegre, Hist. Comp. Jesus, 1,336,1841. Racres. — 

 Lewis, Trav., 15, 1809. Recars.— Ibid. Ree.— Pow- 

 ell in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 60, 1891. Re-ka-ras.— Bon- 

 ner, Life of Beckwourth,255, 1856. Re-ke-rahs. — 

 Ibid., 162. Rhea.— Hallam in Beach, Ind. Misc., 

 134, 1877. Ric'-aras. — Perrindu Lac, Voy. Louisi- 

 ane, 2.57, 1850. Ricaree.— Snelling, Tales of Trav., 

 35, 1830. Ricaries. — Domenech, Des. N. Am., I, 

 443, 1860. Ricaris.— Gass, Jour., .S2, IMO. Ricars.— 

 Lewis andClark, Disc, 24, IsOCi. Ric-ca-ras. — Hun- 

 ter, Captivity, s7, is-zi. Riccaree.— Boiler, Among 

 Inds. in the Far West, 210, 1868. Riccarrees. — 

 Catlin, 0-kee-pa, 40, l.%7. Richara,— Sen. Ex. Doc. 

 90, 2'2d Cong., 1st sess., 12, 1.S32. Rickaras. — Lewis 

 and Clark, Discov., 30, l.s06. Rickarees. — Gass, 

 Jour., 48, 1807. Rickerees. — Ibid., 53. Rickrees. — 

 Ibid., 48. Ricora,— Boudinot, Star in West, 1'28, 

 1816. Rikaras.— Irving, Astoria, 199, 1849. Rik- 

 kara, —Maximilian, Trav., 167, 1843. Ris.— Ibid. 

 (so called bv the Canadians). Sa-nish'. — Hay- 

 den, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val,, 356, 1862, 

 Satrahe.— Balbi, Atl. Ethnog., 54, 18'26. S'qiiies'- 

 tshi. — Hoffman in Proc Am. Philos. Soc. 371, 

 1886 (Salish name). Starrahe, — Bradbury, Trav., 

 iii,1817. Star-rah-he',—Lewisand Clark, Di.scov., 

 22, 1806 (own name). Ta-nish'.— Hayden, Ethnog. 

 and Philol. Mo. Val., 356, 1862 ( ' the people ' : own 

 name). Tsa'-nish. — Hoffman in Proc. Am. Philos. 

 Soc, '294, 18.S6. Wakinas. — Ilildreth, Dragoon Cam- 

 paigns, 1()4. 1836 (probably the .same). Wa-zi'- 

 ya-ta Pa-da'-niij.— Cook, MS. Yankton vocab., 

 B. A. E., 184, 1882 ('northern Pawnee': Yank- 

 ton name). 



Ariswaniski. A Chnagmiut village on 

 the right l)ank of the lower Yukon, 

 Alaska. — Coast Surv. map, 1899. 



Aritutoc. A former Maricopa rancheria 

 on the N. side of Rio Gila at or near the 

 present Oatman flat and the great bend of 

 the river, in s. Arizona. It was visited by 

 Father Sedelmair in 1744, and by Anza, 

 Font, and Garc(^s in 1775. 



Aritoac- Garc^s, Diary, 117, 1900. Aritutoc — 

 Sedelmair cited by Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 



