90 



AROUGHCOND ARROWHEADS 



[b. a. 



French letter (1721) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d 

 s., VIII, 262, 1819. Arunseguntekooks.— La Tour, 

 map, 1779. Aruseguntekooks. — .Jeflferys, French 

 Dom., pt. 1, map, 1761. Assagunticook, — Record 

 (175.=)) in Maine Hist. Soc. Coll., vii, 186, 1876. 

 Ersegontegog.— Gvles (1726), il)id., in, 357, 1853. 

 Massakiga.— Purchas (1625), ibid., v, 156, 1857. 



Aroughcond, Aroughcun. See Raccoon. 



Arpik. An Eskimo village in w. Green- 

 land, lat. 73°. — Meddelelser om Gron- 

 land, VIII, map, 1889. 



Arrohattoc (cf. Delaware allahatteJc, 

 'empty,' 'all gone.' — Heckewelder). A 

 tribe of the Powhatan confederacy, form- 

 erly living in Henrico co. , Va. They had 

 30 warriors in 1608. Their chief village, 

 of the same name, was on James r., 12 m. 

 below the falls at Richmond, on the spot 

 whereHenrico was builtin 1611. (,t. m. ) 

 Arrohateck.— Smith (1629), Virginia, I, 142, repr. 

 1819. Arrohattock.— Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 4, 7, 

 1848. Arrowhatocks.— .Smith, oj>. cit., I, 116. Ar- 

 rowhatoes.— Boudinot, Star in the West, 125, 1816. 

 Arsahattock.— Smith, op. cit., ll, 10. Irrohatock.— 

 Iliid., I, 117. 



Arrowheads. The separate tips or points 

 of arrow-shafts. Among the Indian tribes 



STONE ARROWHEADS, EASTERN FORMS. (aBOUT 1-2) 



many were made of flint and other varie- 

 ties of stone, as well as bone, horn, antler, 

 shell, wood, and copper. Copper was 

 much used by such tribes as were able to 

 obtain asupply from theL. Superior region 

 and to some extent by those of British 

 Columbia and Alaska. Iron has largely 

 taken the place of these materials since 

 the coming of the whites. In stone im- 

 plements of this class the only line of dis- 



RROWHEAO Embedded 



ois) 



tinction between arrowheads and spear- 

 heads is that of size. Very few flint 

 arrowheads are as much as 2 inches long, 

 and these are quite slender; thick or 

 strong ones are much shorter. Solid 

 flesh, being almost as resistant as soft 

 rubber, could not be penetrated by a 

 large pro- 

 jectile un- 

 less it 

 were pro- 

 pelled by 

 greater 

 power 

 than can 

 be ob- 

 tained 

 from a 

 bow with- 

 out artifi- 

 cial aid which is not at the command of a 

 savage. The shapeof thestone arrowhead 

 among the Indian tribes is usually triangu- 

 lar or pointed-oval, though some have 

 very slender blades with expanding base. 

 Many of them are notched. These were set 

 in a slot in the end of the shaft and tied 

 withsinew,rawhide, or cord, which passed 

 through the notches. Those without 

 notches were secured by the cord passing 

 over and under the angle at the base in a 

 figure-8 fashion. It is said that war ar- 

 rows often had the head loosely attached, 

 so that it would 



remain in the ,-• 



wound when the 

 shaft was with- 

 drawn, while 

 the hunting 

 13oint was firmly 

 secured in order 

 that the arrow 

 might be recov- 

 ered entire. 

 Glue, gum, and 

 cement were 

 used in some sec- 

 tions for fixing 

 the point or for 

 rendering the 

 fastening more 

 secure. The ac- 

 companying dia- 

 gram will ex- 

 plain the differ- 

 ent terms used with reference to the 

 completedarrowhead. A specimen which 

 has the end rounded or squared instead 

 of flattened is known as a "biuit." As 

 a rule both faces are worked off equally 

 so as to bring theedge opposite the middle 

 plane of the blade, though it is .sometimes 

 a little on one side. For the greater 

 part these seem to be redressed ordinary 

 spearheads, knives, or arrowheads whose 

 points have been broken off, though some 

 appear to have been originally made in 



^ 



ARROWHEAD NOMENCLATURE. \a, POINT; 



6, EDGE; c, Face; d, Bevel; e, 

 Blade; /, tang; g, Stem; h, Base; 

 /, ^OTOH; A', Neck; ni, Barb or 

 Shoulder) 



